(four marks) Describe how polar covalent bonds occur.
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Step 1: Polar covalent bonds occur when two atoms with different electronegativities come together to form a covalent bond. Show more…
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Explain how polar covalent bonds are formed in terms of "electronegativity". To understand the formation of polar covalent bonds, it is important to first understand the concepts of "polar" and "covalent". A polar bond is a type of chemical bond where the electrons are not shared equally between the atoms involved. This occurs when there is a difference in electronegativity between the atoms. Electronegativity is a measure of an atom's ability to attract electrons towards itself in a chemical bond. In a covalent bond, atoms share electrons to form a stable bond. This type of bond is formed between nonmetal atoms. Now, let's link electronegativity to polar covalent bonds. Electronegativity determines the distribution of electrons in a covalent bond. When there is a difference in electronegativity between the atoms, the electrons are pulled closer to the more electronegative atom. This creates a partial positive charge on the less electronegative atom and a partial negative charge on the more electronegative atom. The resulting bond is called a polar covalent bond because there is an uneven distribution of electron density. The atom with the higher electronegativity has a stronger pull on the shared electrons, creating a partial negative charge, while the atom with the lower electronegativity has a weaker pull, creating a partial positive charge. In summary, polar covalent bonds are formed when there is a difference in electronegativity between the atoms involved. This difference in electronegativity leads to an uneven distribution of electron density, resulting in a partial positive charge on one atom and a partial negative charge on the other atom.
Sri K.
Describe a polar covalent bond.
Explain how polar covalent bonds allow hydrogen bonds to form, and provide an example.
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