For questions 27 through 31 use the following choices: a. ACTH b. ADH c. oxytocin d. FSH e. prolactin 27. stimulates milk release when infant nurses 28. necessary for the secretion of androgens and estrogens 29. stimulates lactation in mammary glands during pregnancy 30. stimulates secretion of cortisol 31. raises blood pressure and decreases urine output 32. When a peptide hormone binds to receptors on the surface of a cell: a. cyclic AMP is synthesized b. adenylate cyclase is activated c. a second messenger appears in the cytoplasm. d. kinase enzymes are activated e. all of the above 33. The synthesis of T3 and T4 requires which of the following? a. iodine b. tyrosine c. thyroglobulin d. follicle cells e. all of the above 34. Which gland is called the "emergency gland" and helps the body adjust to stress? a. thyroid b. adrenal c. pituitary d. pancreas e. thymus 35. During fetal growth and infancy, T3 and T4 are required for the normal development of the: a. central nervous system b. circulatory system c. digestive system d. respiratory system e. kidneys
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6. Identify a glucocorticoid released by the adrenal cortex. A) epinephrine B) thyroxine C) follicle-stimulating hormone D) cortisol E) glucagon 7. Which of the following substances is used to make steroid hormones? A) amino acids B) glucose C) cholesterol D) polypeptides E) vitamins 8. For the hormone glucagon, identify the organ of production and the target organ, respectively. A) adrenal medulla and adrenal cortex B) liver and pancreas C) pituitary and adrenal medulla D) pancreas and liver E) hypothalamus and pituitary 9. Which of the following structures is not part of the peripheral nervous system? A) sensory receptors in the skin B) parasympathetic nerves C) sensory neuron D) motor neuron E) spinal cord
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Select correct answer. 1. Which of the following hormones stimulate and maintains metabolic processes? A. Calcitonin B. Thyroxine C. Thymosin D. Oxytocin 2. Nitrogen wastes in the body come from: A. Breathing since the atmosphere is 78% nitrogen B. The breakdown of glucose by aerobic respiration C. the breakdown of glucose by anaerobic respiration D. The breakdown of fats and lipids E. The breakdown of proteins and amino acids 3. In the nephron, water is removed from the urine to return to the blood in the following areas: A. Loop of Henle B. Glomerulus C. Collecting duct D. Alveoli E. Two of above 4. Drug residues are released into the urine: A. In the proximal convoluted tubule B. In the Loop of Henle C. From the Bowman's capsule D. In the distal convoluted tubule E. Through the glomerulus 5. An important function of the kidney is regulating the level of water in the blood. In this way the kidneys help to control: A. The metabolism of glucose B. Blood pressure C. Synthesis of carbohydrates D. Synthesis of insulin E. None of the above
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The adrenal medulla secretes two types of hormones. Identify what is secreted and describe their functions. a. They secrete cortisol and aldosterone, which increase heart rate, breathing rate, muscle contractions, blood pressure, and blood glucose as short-term stress response. b. They secrete epinephrine and norepinephrine, which increase heart rate, breathing rate, muscle contractions, blood pressure, and blood glucose as long-term stress response. c. They secrete cortisol and aldosterone, which increase heart rate, breathing rate, muscle contractions, blood pressure, and blood glucose as long-term stress response. d. They secrete epinephrine and norepinephrine, which increase heart rate, breathing rate, muscle contractions, blood pressure, and blood glucose as short-term stress response.
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