Galactosemia can result from a deficiency of either galactokinase or UDP-glucose:galactose 1-phosphate uridylytransferase (transferase). Although a deficiency of either enzyme will cause gastric discomfort after milk ingestion, transferase deficiency also results in liver, kidney, spleen, and brain dysfunction, and in some cases, death.
Select the statements that correctly link each type of enzyme deficiency with the metabolites that accumulate in the blood and tissues.
A deficiency in either enzyme will result in an accumulation of lactose; however, a transferase deficiency will also cause an accumulation of the toxic product UDP-galactose.
Transferase converts galactose 1-phosphate to UDP-galactose; therefore, a transferase deficiency will cause an accumulation of galactose 1-phosphate.
A galactokinase deficiency will result in an accumulation of galactose 1-phosphate.
Galactokinase catalyzes the formation of galactose 1-phosphate; therefore, a deficiency in galactokinase will result in an accumulation of galactose.
A transferase deficiency will cause an accumulation of UDP-glucose.