How do force plates aid in evaluating the distribution of forces during various movements, such as jumping or landing, in physical therapy assessments? By quantifying forces exerted on the plate By measuring blood oxygen levels By assessing joint flexibility By monitoring muscle strength
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Adi S.
An ACL patient is doing leg extensions to strengthen his quadriceps muscles. With no additional weight added, the patient's lower leg (shank+foot) has a mass of 6.25 kg. The center of mass of the lower leg segment is located 32 cm from the axis of rotation of the knee joint. The leg is flexed 25° down from horizontal. The quadriceps muscle acts through the patellar tendon, which inserts 5 cm from the axis of rotation of the knee joint and is oriented at an angle of 10° with respect to the tibia, as shown. The motion is performed slowly enough that we can assume (quasi) static equilibrium. a) How much force (FQ) must the quadriceps exert in order to support the weight of the limb? b) What are the reaction forces at the knee (RX and RY)? c) How do the magnitudes of the muscle force compare with the load imposed by the weight of the limb? Does your value seem reasonable? Why or why not?
Penny R.
a) What is the maximum compressive force, Fmax, that both tibias can withstand without compressive fracture? The maximum compressive stress of compact bone is 1.7x10^8 N/m^2 and the tibia has a cross-sectional area of 3 cm^2. Poor Landing Technique: If a person lands flat on both feet stiffly, without bending the knees or having the heel slightly raised, the deceleration distance, D, is approximately 1 cm. b) Determine the maximum jump height, Hmax, poor, without compressive fracture of the tibial bones. Use kinematic equation and Newton's 2nd Law to first show that the average force required to decelerate the person is Fdecel = mgH/D, where m is the mass of the person. (Mass of person is 75 kg). Good Landing Technique: By bending the knees with heels up during the landing, the deceleration distance, D, is effectively increased to approximately 0.6 m. c) Determine the maximum jump height, Hmax, good in this case. Limiting Factor (Ligaments & Tendons): The result in part (b) will prevent bone fracture. However, by bending the knees and landing on the balls of the feet, it is the ligaments (knee) and tendons (Achilles) in the legs which are more likely to be injured. These can only withstand a force of about 1/20 of the maximum compressive force on the tibia calculated in part (a). d) What is the maximum jumping height, Hmax, using good technique, which will not result in tendon, ligament, or bone injury?
Sri K.
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