How do I discuss each of the above six stages to see whether halothane could alter synaptic function and cause a single action potential in a motor axon to produce strong and prolonged contractions of the muscle fibers it supplies? Below are the six stages: 1. Acetylcholine is secreted into the cleft by the motor axon. 2. The neurotransmitter reacts with nicotinic acetylcholine receptors on the muscle membrane. 3. Channels open and the muscle membrane depolarizes. 4. The neurotransmitter is broken down by the enzyme acetylcholinesterase in the synaptic cleft. 5. This produces an End Plate potential in the muscle membrane. 6. Choline is taken up into the presynaptic cell.
Added by Stephanie L.
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Acetylcholine is secreted into the cleft by the motor axon: Halothane, as a volatile anesthetic, could potentially affect the release of acetylcholine from the motor axon. It may either increase or decrease the amount of acetylcholine released into the synaptic Show more…
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Part III - The Chemical Synapse: Halothane can change motor neuron function, perhaps affecting the neuromuscular junction. Complete the following flow diagram by filling in the blanks: Neurotransmitter secreted into the cleft by the presynaptic cell. Neurotransmitter received by the muscle membrane. Neurotransmitter broken down. Channels open and the muscle membrane depolarizes. Synaptic cleft. This produces the muscle action potential. Neurotransmitter taken up into the presynaptic cell. Discuss whether halothane could alter synaptic function and cause strong and prolonged contractions of the muscle fibers.
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Discuss a neurotransmitter or neuromodulator and describe its action. Discuss one of the events that occur between the arrival of an action potential at the synaptic knob and the beginning of the new action potential at the postsynaptic cell. Discuss one of the mechanisms that stop synaptic transmission. Discuss what happens in summation, facilitation, or inhibition of neural inputs. Pick one of these events to discuss.
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Synaptic transmission requires a vast number of molecular interactions taking place on both ends of the synaptic cleft. Indicate each of the below molecules, events, or effects that is associated with the PRE-synaptic or POST-synaptic cell. a) Voltage-gated Ca2+ channel [ Select ] b) EPSP [ Select ] c) IPSP [ Select ] d) Endocannabinoid synthesis [ Select ] e) Acetylcholine synthesis [ Select ] f) BOTOX (botulinum toxin) [ Select ] g) Tetanus toxin [ Select ] h) Curare [ Select ] i) Signal amplification [ Select ] j) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) [ Select ] k) Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) [ Select ] l) Cannabinoid CB1 receptor [ Select ] m) NMDA receptor [ Select ] n) SNARE protein complex [ Select ] o) Endplate potentials (EPPs) [ Select ] p) Neurotransmitter transporters
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