how to differentiate Acute myeloid lukemia and Acute promyelocytic leukemia based on laboratory investigation or based on blood test results?
Added by Ashley C.
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- AML is a broad category of acute leukemias that affect myeloid cells, which are cells that develop into white blood cells responsible for fighting infections. - APL is a specific subtype of AML characterized by the presence of abnormal promyelocytes, a type of Show more…
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4) A 59-year-old female has presented clinically with the following: - Weight loss and night sweats - Splenomegaly - Pallor and dyspnoea - Bruising - Complaints of occasional blurry vision Her clinician ordered a full blood count and a general chemistry profile. The following flagged results were returned: Parameter | Result | Reference Range Haemoglobin (Hb) | 94 g/L | 115-160 g/L Red cell count (RCC) | 3.54 x 10^12/L | 3.8-5.2 x 10^12/L Platelets (PLT) | 525 x 10^9/L | 140-400 x 10^9/L White cell count (WCC) | 151.4 x 10^9/L | 4.0-11.0 x 10^9/L Neutrophil count (Neut) | 53 % 80.2 x 10^9/L | 2.0-8.0 x 10^9/L Lymphocyte count (Lymph) | 2 % 3.0 x 10^9/L | 1.0-4.0 x 10^9/L Monocyte count (Mono) | 2 % 3.0 x 10^9/L | 0.1-1.0 x 10^9/L Eosinophil count (Eos) | 6 % 9.0 x 10^9/L | <0.6 x 10^9/L Basophil Count (Baso) | 3 % 4.5 x 10^9/L | <0.2 x 10^9/L Metamyelocytes | 15 % 22.7 x 10^9/L | Myelocytes | 14 % 21.2 x 10^9/L | Promyelocytes | 3 % 4.5 x 10^9/L | Blasts | 2 % 3.0 x 10^9/L | Nucleated RBC (NRBC) | 2 Per 100/WCC | Morphology | Leucocytosis with a full spectrum of immature and mature myeloid cells. Myeloid cells have normal morphology. Red blood cells are normochromic and normocytic. | Neutrophil alkaline phosphatase score | Markedly decreased | Uric acid (Urate) | 0.59 mmol/L | 0.15 - 0.40 mmol/L Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) | 646 U/L | 120 - 250 U/L From these results, her clinician requested a bone marrow biopsy for chromosomal analysis. a) Given the results indicate above, what type of leukaemia would you expect this patient to have? b) What abnormality/result would you expect cytogenetic analysis to show and what specific type of chromosomal alteration is this?
Supreeta N.
Finding immature cells using CD45-CD34 dot-plots The following Flow Cytometry data represents blood analysis of a healthy volunteer (upper left) and three cases of acute leukemia. Please answer the following questions: 1. True or False: The arrows points at the blast populations, which is very conspicuous in case AL 1 (upper right) and AL 3 (lower right). 2. True or False: In case AL 2 (lower left), the difference between the normal picture is more subtle and the blasts may be missed because in this case the blasts are CD34 negative. 3. True or False: In case AL 1, the cells are mostly CD45 negative. 4. True or False: In case AL 1, the cells are mostly CD34 negative. 5. True or False: In case AL 3, the cells are most opposite of the control. 6. True or False: In case AL 1, the cells are mostly CD45 and CD34 positive. 7. True or False: In case AL 3, the cells are mostly CD34 positive. 8. True or False: In case AL 3, the cells are mostly CD45 negative. 9. True or False: In case AL 2, the sample is most representative of the control. 10. True or False: In case of the control, most cells have high CD45 expression.
Josee P.
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