How would you calculate the uncertainty of the number of moles, including the uncertainties of pressure, volume, and temperature?
You have a Nitrogen gas tank that is 780 mm tall and 204 mm in diameter (measured with a ruler marked to a precision of millimeters). You measure the pressure of the gas in the tank to be 13.8 MPa, using a meter that is precise to within 5%. The temperature of the room is 20.2 degrees Celsius.
Let's do the physics:
Several state variables for gasses include pressure (p), volume (V), temperature (T), and number of molecules (n). These variables can be related by an equation of state; the Ideal Gas Law:
p V = n R T
The constant R is the gas constant; it has a value of 8.314 J/mol K. The ideal gas law makes the following assumptions: The gas atoms / molecules are point masses (i.e. they have no volume) The gas atoms / molecules do not interact with each other Collisions between the gas atoms / molecules and the walls of the container do not result in rotation of the gas atom / molecule