Hydrolysis and dehydration synthesis reactions Large molecules are built or taken apart through various chemical reactions. Complete the following paragraph to describe these reactions. Answer choices may be used more than once or not at all. polymers monomers water enzymes dehydration hydrolysis addition formation release Large biomolecules, or ________, are comprised of smaller subunits called ________. These subunits attach together to build biomolecules through ________ reactions. This type of reaction involves the ________ of water as ________ are linked together and ________ are built. Biomolecules are broken down into their subunits through ________ reactions. This type of reaction involves the ________ of water as polymers are broken down into monomers. These synthesis and degradation processes are catalyzed by ________.
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Step 1: Larger biomolecules are comprised of smaller subunits called **polymers**. Show more…
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Hydrolysis is a process that involves the degradation of polymers through the splitting of water molecules. It breaks the bond between monomers and is a catabolic reaction. Energy is produced in this process, and it is an exothermic reaction (heat is generated). Fill in the following study table. You might make a bigger version if you need more information. Most of what you need to know from this chapter fits into this table.
Adi S.
Dehydration Synthesis and Hydrolysis: Carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids are all synthesized and broken down by the same types of reactions. In dehydration synthesis, a hydrogen ion (H+) from one molecule joins with a hydroxyl group (OH-) from another molecule to form water (H2O), leaving the two molecules bonded to the same oxygen atom. For example, when two molecules of glucose are joined by dehydration synthesis, they form maltose and water (see below). In hydrolysis, complex organic molecules are broken down by the addition of the components of water - H+ and OH-. Both dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis require certain conditions of pH and temperature and the presence of particular enzymes. Briefly compare and contrast the dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis reactions.
Dave K.
An example of a hydrolysis reaction is a. amino acid $+$ amino acid $\rightarrow$ dipeptide $+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}$. b. dipeptide $+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} \longrightarrow$ amino acid $+$ amino acid. c. denaturation of a polypeptide. d. Both b and c are correct.
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