Problem 4 (5 points). Show that if $p = x^2 + xy + 3y^2$ ($x, y \in \mathbb{Z}$) is a prime, then $p = 11$ or $p \equiv 1, 3, 4, 5, \text{or } 9 \pmod{11}$.
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First, let's assume that p is a prime number and can be expressed as p = x^2 + xy + 3y^2, where x and y are integers. Show more…
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