Ichthyosaurs were aquatic reptiles whose closest relatives were terrestrial reptiles. Based on fossil evidence, it is known that they had dorsal fins and tails very similar to those of living fishes. The dorsal fins and tails shared by ichthyosaurs and fish are examples of (A) homologous features (B) analogous features (C) plesiomorphies (D) synapomorphies (E) polymorphisms
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Ichthyosaurs are ancient extinct marine reptiles. Fossils show us that they had dorsal fins and tails just as fish do, even though their closest extant relatives were terrestrial reptiles that had neither dorsal fins nor aquatic tails. The dorsal fins and tails of ichthyosaurs and fish are: a. homologous and adaptations to a common environment. b. adaptations to a common environment. c. examples of convergent evolution. d. examples of convergent evolution and adaptations to a common environment.
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All tetrapods are vertebrates (and so are their fishy ancestors). Amphibians, reptiles, and mammals are tetrapods (which means they have four limbs, or at least their ancestors did). Mammals are the only tetrapod clade with hair. Birds are the only tetrapod clade with feathers. Anurans (frogs and toads) are the only amphibian clade without tails.
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Match the organisms with the appropriate description. ______ lancelets _____ fishes _____ amphibians _____ primates _____ birds _____ monotremes _____ marsupials _____ placental mammals _____ hominids a. pouched mammals b. invertebrate chordates c. feathered amniotes d. egg-laying mammals e. humans and close relatives f. have grasping hands with nails g. first land tetrapods h. most diverse mammal lineage i. most diverse vertebrates
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