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Molly, a 31-year-old mother of three children, has been working out with a trainer and following a moderate, balanced diet for approximately a year. Despite her disciplined approach to diet and exercise, Molly has experienced significant weight gain during the past 4 months. Especially noticeable are the fat deposits that have developed in her face as well as the fat that has accumulated between her shoulder blades. Cuts take a long time to heal, and she bruises easily. Her menstrual cycles have become very irregular, and she feels anxious and stressed most of the time. a. What is your diagnosis? b. Briefly describe two possible causes of this endocrine disorder. c. What effect does this disorder have on the immune system? Why? 3. Ellen is a 45-year-old woman complaining of severe fatigue and weight gain. She reports that her skin is very dry and that her hair has been falling out. Additionally, she has been experiencing bouts of irritability and depression. Blood analysis reveals the following Hormone Results Normal Values TSH 8.0 milliunit/L 0.3-3.0 milliunit/L T3 50 ng/dL 100-200 ng/dL T4 3.88 ug/dL 4.5-11.2 ug/dL a. What is your diagnosis? b. Explain why TSH levels are elevated and T3/T4 levels are low. c. Briefly describe two causes of this endocrine disorder.
Adi S.
Jenna is a 17-year-old female. She has been a lacto-vegetarian for about a year. (Jenna's boyfriend is a practicing vegetarian due to religious beliefs.) She does not drink milk. She is normal weight and active. She attends ballet classes twice a week and practices daily. She has been brought to you by her mother, who is concerned that Jenna is not getting all the nutrition she needs to stay healthy. Jenna is frequently tired. A recent visit to her physician revealed that her hemoglobin was normal at 12.1 g/dl and her weight has been stable for about a year. In the last three days, Jenna has consumed the following foods: - Apple Juice and Orange Juice - Sunny Delight - Diet Coke - Frozen waffles - Oatmeal - Bagel with cream cheese - Grilled cheese sandwich - Macaroni and cheese - Potato chips - Cheese pizza - Bean burrito - Spaghetti with marinara sauce - Fresh baby carrots - Chocolate frozen yogurt - Chocolate pudding - Banana Before counseling with Jenna, what would you ask her (additional information needed)? Look up DRI recommendations for Jenna: - Calcium: 1300mg - Iron: 15mg - Vitamin D - Vitamin B12 - Zinc - Vitamin C - Vitamin A
Jenna is a six-year-old Caucasian female who currently resides with her foster parents, her older biological sister, and two foster brothers. Jenna and her siblings were taken from her biological parents because of suspected sexual abuse and neglect. It is reported that Jenna lived in a home without food, water, and utilities. Jenna’s foster parents report that her biological mother "may have some disabilities and has never had the financial means to take care of her children." Jenna’s biological brother is in a separate foster home. He is suspected of sexually abusing both Jenna and her older sister. It has been reported that he sexually abused Jenna, while her sister was helplessly told to watch. Jenna has expressed this trauma with agitated behavior. The traumatic event is re-experienced by repetitive play where she stimulates herself on furniture. Jenna avoids the stimuli associated with the trauma by avoiding conversations associated with sexual abuse. Jenna avoids activities, places, and people associated with the trauma except for her sister who was also a victim. Jenna also has a sense of a foreshortened future. She frequently brings up death with her foster parents. Jenna has persistent symptoms of increased arousal that were not present before the trauma as indicated by irritability and outbursts of anger nearly every day with her biological sister and her foster father. Jenna is also hypervigilant and does not want her foster father around. The disturbances have lasted for over a month and have caused clinically significant social impairment to the point she is unable to attend a full day of school due to emotional breakdowns. 1) What intake information should be obtained and assessed to formulate a provisional DSM-5 diagnosis? Select AS MANY as you consider essential. a. Substance use. b. Attention problems. c. Hypervigilance or increased arousal. d. Details of sexual trauma. e. Changes in sleeping patterns. f. Length of time problematic behaviors have persisted. g. History of learning disabilities.
Supreeta N.
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