Imagine you are an administrator or leader in a health care facility and you want to decresase the length of stay. Create a PICOT style research question that will study how best to reduce patient length of stay in health care settings.
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Consider a patient centered issue you have observed recently. Formulate a research question related to that issue. Identify the independent and dependent variable, hypothesis and type of hypothesis. What type of research study design would you use to address that issue, wha t type of sampling or sampling strategy would you use? Defend your choices with support from your textbook or other peer-reviewed journal source.
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Refer to the SENIC data set and its description. We're interested in using age, number of beds, infection risk, and available facilities/services to predict the average length of hospital stay of all patients in the hospital. Use R to answer the following questions. (a) Create the pairs plot and describe it. (b) Fit a model regressing the response variable on the percent of service provided by the hospital. What is the slope and its standard error? (c) Fit a linear regression model for four predictor variables and state the estimated regression function. (d) What is the difference between the coefficient on service in (b) and (c)? Are both of them statistically significant at the 5% level? If you see any difference, provide an explanation based on your observation in (a). (e) Plot the residuals versus the fitted values and versus each of the predictor variables. Also, create a QQ-plot. Describe your diagnostics; are any transformations necessary? If so, make them and then double-check the subsequent diagnostics. (f) Obtain an interval estimate of the expected value of the average length of hospital stay when the average age is 54, the number of beds is 100, the infection risk is 5%, and the service is 30%. Use α = 0.01 and provide an interpretation. (g) Obtain a prediction interval for the average length of stay for a new hospital with an average age of 58, the number of beds is 200, the infection risk is 6%, and the service is 40%. Use α = 0.01 and provide an interpretation.
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Describe a clinical situation where you were concerned (e.g., a higher incidence of falls, infections, errors, etc.) and where decisions were made to improve the situation. What sources of evidence were utilized to make the decision (e.g., personal experience, expert advice, etc.)?
Madhur L.
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