00:01
So this question about chromosome 9 and chromosome 22 translocating associated with cml.
00:09
So cml is leukemia, so this is blood cells having this genetic translocation.
00:16
I have an image here of what's happening.
00:19
So the chromosome 9 here on the left normally looks like this.
00:23
Chromosome 22, this is part of it.
00:25
They're showing the bottom half is on the right.
00:29
Both will break, so translocation is when we have a breakage here of one chromosome and of a different chromosome here.
00:39
They could be homologous, they can be not, and then they switch parts.
00:45
So then we get this shortened chromosome and then this longer chromosome.
00:52
So this shortened chromosome is called the philadelphia chromosome and we see, scientists see this in all patients that have cml, chronic myelogenous leukemia.
01:04
Your question though is related to how people end up with this translocation because people with cml that have all have the translocation, it's found in their somatic cells.
01:22
So in their blood cells, those are somatic meaning they're not germline cells, they're not sperm and egg cells.
01:30
They're not getting this translocation, not inheriting it from their family, from their biological parents.
01:39
So then why is this occurring so frequently enough to be associated with this disease? why is this occurring in the same spot, in the same way, creating the same philadelphia chromosome? so it's actually a pretty tricky question...