In the figures are the titration curves of two amino acids....

In the figures are the titration curves of two amino acids. Consider the first titration. 14.0 12.0 pH 10.0 8.0 6.0 4.0 2.0 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 equivalents of [OH-] Select the pKa values of each functional group observed on the titration curve. 2 5 10 3 1 6 11 12 9 4 7 Identify which amino acid is being titrated. arginine lysine asparagine histidine

The titration curves for the amino acids glutamic acid and lysine are given in the figure. (a) Using the structural formulas given in Table $12.8$, write the structural formulas for the forms of each amino acidcorresponding to points on the titration curve when 0 , $1.0,2.0$, and $3.0$ equivalents of $\mathrm{OH}^{-}$ have been added. An equivalent in this case is the amount of base added that neutralizes an amount of $\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}^{+}$ ions equivalent to the amount of amino acid present. (b) The isoelectric point is the $\mathrm{pH}$ at which an amino acid has no net charge. Write the structural formulas of glutamic acid and lysine at their isoelectric points. (c) What relationship exists between the conjugate acid and conjugate base forms of these amino acids at each of the $\mathrm{p} K$ points noted on the titration curve?

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