5. In the hybrid zone of Laysan Albatross and Black-footed Albatross at Midway Atoll, what do you think will be the outcome for the hybrid zone over time: Formation of a new species? Reinforcement of original barriers? Fusion of species? Or Stability where small numbers of hybrids continue to occur every year? Why do you think so? Cite some of the information provided in Laulima.
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This suggests that there is some level of genetic compatibility between the two species, allowing for successful interbreeding. Show more…
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Note: You may see the following situation in more than one question. On the volcanic equatorial West African island of Sao Tome, two species of fruit fly exist. Drosophila yakuba inhabits the island's lowlands and is also found on the African mainland, located about 320 kilometers away. At higher elevations, and only on Sao Tome, the very closely related Drosophila santomea is found. The two species can hybridize, though male hybrids are sterile. A hybrid zone exists at middle elevations, though hybrids there are greatly outnumbered by D. santomea. Studies of the two species' nuclear genomes reveal that D. yakuba on the island is more closely related to mainland D. yakuba than to D. santomea (2n = 4 in both species). Sao Tome rose from the Atlantic Ocean about 14 million years ago. If the low number of hybrid flies in the hybrid zone, relative to the number of D. santomea flies there, is due to the fact that hybrids are poorly adapted to conditions in the hybrid zone, and if fewer hybrid flies are produced with the passage of time, these conditions will most likely lead to Select one: a. further speciation events. b. polyploidy c. reinforcement. d. stability. e. fusion.
Adi S.
a) Band-rumped Storm petrels are becoming two different species even though they often breed in the same nest hole. What could account for such divergence and what type of speciation is this called? b) In a video clip you saw in class, a species of Darwin's Finch is evolving by hybridization. What is driving this process and how is it being maintained in succeeding generations? c) Briefly explain the adaptive significance of territorial song convergence in Yellow-bellied and Peruvian Antbird. What evolutionary forces could have caused this convergence and how is it being maintained in these species today? d) Among birds, the species most likely to colonize a distant oceanic island would be food or habitat (specialists/generalists) and (short/long) distant migrants. e) How does Haldane's rule explain faster speciation rates via males rather than females in birds? Will this also apply to mammals?
The names of hybrid animals are usually themselves hybrids between the names of the species used to generate them, with the male gamete first. A cross between a male leopard and a female lion results in a leopon; the father of the zonkey in the picture that follows is a zebra and its mother is a donkey. a. Not all animal hybrids are possible. For example, a cross between a dog and a bird, or an elephant and a koala, or a cat and a shark will not produce viable hybrid progeny. What do you think is the major factor determining whether or not a hybrid animal will be viable? b. Some hybrid animals are fertile. What is the major factor that determines whether or not a viable animal hybrid will also be fertile?
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