Since fats and proteins are not made up of glucose molecules, how do they fuel the reactions of cellular respiration? Fats and proteins can NOT be used in the process of cellular respiration Fats and proteins are broken down into monomers that enter cellular respiration at the Citric Acid cycle Fats and proteins do not contain glucose molecules, but still follow the same steps as glucose since there is only ONE way for cellular respiration to produce energy Fats and proteins are broken down into monomers that enter cellular respiration at the electron transport chain Fats and proteins are broken down into monomers that enter cellular respiration at different steps in the process
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Glucose is the preferred fuel for cellular respiration because it is easily broken down and can enter the process at multiple points. However, when glucose is not available, the body can use alternative fuel sources such as fats and proteins. These molecules are Show more…
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Question 1A) How is energy (ATP) obtained from molecules besides carbohydrates? Fat catabolism includes the breakdown of fatty acid tails through a process called beta-oxidation. Protein catabolism includes the removal of amino groups from amino acids, which is called deamination. 1B) Which microbes are photosynthetic? What is photosynthesis (remember that there are two essential parts to being a photoautotroph!)? 1C) What is the overall equation of photosynthesis, and how does it compare to the equation of aerobic/cellular respiration? 1D) Are organisms able to cycle both carbon and energy through photosynthesis and aerobic respiration? 1E) Explain how the electron transport chain works. What is the proton motive force? What is the role of oxygen during this process? What is ATP synthase? Is NADH reduced or oxidized during this process? One NADH molecule can be cashed in for 2 ATPs, and one FADH2 molecule can be cashed in for 3 ATPs.
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Cells use the hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate, abbreviated as ATP, as a source of energy. Symbolically, this reaction can be written as $$\mathrm{ATP}(a q)+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(l) \longrightarrow \mathrm{ADP}(a q)+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{PO}_{4}^{-}(a q)$$ where ADP represents adenosine diphosphate. For this reaction, $\Delta G^{\circ}=-30.5 \mathrm{kJ} / \mathrm{mol}.$ a. Calculate $K$ at $25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ b. If all the free energy from the metabolism of glucose $$\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_{6}(s)+6 \mathrm{O}_{2}(g) \longrightarrow 6 \mathrm{CO}_{2}(g)+6 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(l)$$ goes into forming ATP from ADP, how many ATP molecules can be produced for every molecule of glucose? $$\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_{6}(s)+6 \mathrm{O}_{2}(g) \longrightarrow 6 \mathrm{CO}_{2}(g)+6 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(l)$$ goes into forming ATP from ADP, how many ATP molecules can be produced for every molecule of glucose?
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