In what way do transposons cause mutations to occur? Transposons move within and between chromosomes, disrupting the genes. Transposons cause large sections of the gene to be deleted from the chromosome, making it useless. Transposons cause sections of the chromosome to make multiple copies of the same nucleotide. Transposons produce proteins that conflict with the normal functioning proteins of the cell. Transposons cause nonfunctional genes to be "woken up" and become functional.
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Transposons are movable elements of DNA that insert into new positions within the genome. A transposon may disrupt normal gene function, confer an evolutionary advantage, or have no effect on the organism. Select all scenarios in which a transposon has positively contributed to the evolution of the host's genome. a) Insertion of a transposon encoding a heat shock protein into the genome of a plant. b) Acquisition of a transposon carrying an adhesin gene into the Lactobacillus casei genome. c) Acquisition of a transposon that disrupts an enhancer element of a colorectal cancer tumor-suppressor gene. d) Acquisition of a transposon carrying a tetracycline resistance gene in a bacterium. e) Insertion of a transposon into the gene encoding for dystrophin, a protein involved in skeletal movement and cardiac function.
Sri K.
Which of the following is NOT a way that transposable elements can cause mutations? a) Insertion into coding sequence b) Imperfect mobilization c) Recombination between transposons in nonhomologous chromosome regions d) Transcription of transposase The Ames test determines the potential for mutation in an unknown mutagen by measuring: a) How easily the mutagen "fixes" existing mutations b) The quantity of DNA changes produced c) Number of breaks per chromosome d) How well the mutagen intercalates into DNA
Describe some ways in which DNA is altered to cause mutations. Consider the following segment in mRNA produced by the normal order of DNA nucleotides: - CAU UCU CGA GUU- - a. What is the amino acid order produced from this mRNA? b. What is the amino acid order if a mutation changes CUU to CCU? c. What is the amino acid order if a mutation changes CGA to UGA? d. What happens to protein synthesis if a mutation changes UCU to UGU? e. What happens if a G is added to the beginning of the mRNA segment? f. What happens if the $C$ is removed from the beginning of the mRNA segment?
Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis
Genetic Mutations
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