00:01
Okay, in order to answer this question, we have to talk about inheritance and probability.
00:04
It says, imagine you have a pet cat.
00:06
It has short white fur.
00:08
You want to know what kind of kittens it could have as long -haired white cats are just super cute.
00:16
Domestic cats are deployed so your cat will have two copies of the fear genes.
00:22
Albinofiure, okay, so we have here albino fever is dominant trait.
00:26
It's abbreviate it like this, dominant allele.
00:30
So this is the albino albino alid alid alid alid.
00:37
Okay, a pigmented fure would be small like that i said.
00:40
Okay, it's going to be that pigmented fuel allele.
00:46
Okay, then it says cats can also have long fur or short fear.
00:49
Short fear is dominant to long fur.
00:53
So let's abbreviate like this.
00:55
Big f is dominant.
00:57
We see this that short fuel allele and the small f.
01:02
Well, this doesn't seem small.
01:04
This small, let's make this bigger.
01:08
Okay.
01:09
And okay, like this.
01:10
And this is going to be a long fur allele.
01:15
Okay, so these are our aliens.
01:18
It says, your cat is all white and has short fur.
01:23
Remember that whenever this dominant allele or this dominant a is present in a genotype, then the albino phenotype is going to be expressed.
01:32
And the same here.
01:33
If whenever this big f is pressing the genotype, the short fewer phenotype is going to be expressed.
01:40
Okay, it says your cat is all white and has short fur.
01:44
So the genotype for our cat is going to be a blank because we don't know if if he is homocygous dominant or heterozygos, it can be like this.
01:54
This is albino, but this is also albino.
01:57
So we don't know yet the exact genotype for our cat.
02:00
And it says that it has short fever, so it has.
02:03
Like this because this is short fever and this is also short fear okay so this is the genotype for our cat it says what is what are the possible genotype for both of the genes so it is talking it is asking us about or question a is asking us about the possible genotypes for both of these genes it means for this gene here and for this gene here so the possible phenotypes for this albino or pigmented gene, it's going to be this.
02:39
This is albino, okay, because the dominant allele is present.
02:43
This is also albino, but it is heterozygose, and this is homocygose.
02:47
It means it is a pigmented cut.
02:50
Okay? and these are the genotypes for albino and pigmented or in the pigmented allele.
02:56
And then we have this gene here.
02:59
This gene is going to be the possible genotypes that are going to be homocygosegous dominant, that is a short, cat, then etherozygos that is going to be also a small, a short fear, like a cat.
03:15
And finally, that is homo -sigo excessive that is going to be a long fewer cat.
03:21
So these are the possible genotypes for both genes.
03:25
And in order to mix this genotypes and have like a double traits, for example, a cat that is all white and has a short fear, you have to mix this with this or this with this with this, this with this, and you just like combine them and you have to get their phenotypes.
03:42
For example, this one with this one would be an albinocat with short fuel.
03:52
Okay.
03:53
So this is the answer for question a.
03:55
Then we have a, this is question a.
04:00
Okay, so the second question says, your all white card has a very big litter of aliens.
04:05
This is question b.
04:06
About half of them have pigmented fuel.
04:10
So our cat, overcat that has this genotype here, with, like she was made it with another cat, and she had pigmented cats, pigmented, well, enough.
04:32
Okay, half of them have pigmented fewer.
04:35
What is the most likely phenotype for that cat, albinore pigmented? okay, so practically, remember that if this is, for example, if this is, the genotype of the mother and this is the genotype of the father and this is the genotype of one song okay this is that song remember the song is going to inherit for a child in general okay we're talking about humans but it is going to apply also for all types of animals this child is going to receive one allele from the mother's genotype and one allele from the father's genotype and this is going to cure randomly.
05:15
For example, if a mother's genotype is a, b, and the father's genotype is c, d.
05:21
Then the mother, for example, randomly can transmit this a here and the father randomly can transmit this d here.
05:28
So that the child's genotype is going to be ad.
05:31
Okay, this is only an example, but this is how it works.
05:36
We can apply this here too.
05:38
We have this genotype here.
05:43
We're talking where this question is only asking for if the cat is albino or pigmented.
05:50
So our cat is like this and we don't know the other cat, but you know that they had pigmented keyletes.
05:58
It means pigmented is almost excessive.
06:02
So this is the genotype of the other cat and you had pigment kids.
06:11
So, because this a should come from our cat and this a should come from overcut, it means that our cut should be heterocygous and like this cat here should have at least one small a allele...