Insulin is an important hormone that allows the body to use glucose from food. After an individual eats a meal, glucose travels through the blood stream and reaches beta cells in the pancreas. The glucose causes the beta cells to release insulin. Insulin then travels through the blood stream and attaches to insulin receptors on other cells, which allows them to take in glucose and use it for energy. What does this information best demonstrate? A. A hormone is a protein that performs many functions in the body. B. Beta cells are not necessary for glucose to be utilized. C. Cells interact with other cells for regulation and homeostasis. D. Only certain cells can use glucose to produce energy.
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Step 1: Insulin is released by beta cells in the pancreas after an individual eats a meal. Show more…
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5) Blood sugar is regulated by two pancreatic hormones—insulin and glucagon. When blood sugar rises, insulin is released; it binds to receptors and, through signal transduction, results in an increase in glucose uptake by cells, which effectively lowers blood glucose levels. When blood sugar decreases, glucagon is released, binds to cell receptors, and causes glucose to be released into circulation, thereby increasing blood glucose levels. Diabetes mellitus is a disorder that results from excessively high levels of blood glucose. Type II diabetics have normal to elevated levels of insulin. What, then, might be causing their elevated blood glucose levels? A) inadequate insulin production B) defective receptors C) defective second messenger D) overproduction of glucagon
Proper blood glucose levels are necessary to maintain cellular function, because glucose is fuel for cells. Glucagon is an important component of blood glucose homeostasis, which is maintained by a negative feedback loop. Describe the role of glucagon in blood glucose homeostasis. a. When blood sugar is low, glucose and ATP produce glycogen. Excess blood sugar stimulates the release of glucagon, which in turn stimulates glycogen release to increase blood glucose levels. b. When there is excess blood sugar, excess glucose and ATP produce glucagon. A drop in blood glucose level stimulates the release of glycogen, which in turn stimulates glycogen release to increase blood glucose levels. c. When there is excess blood sugar, the excess glucose and ATP produce glycogen. A drop in blood glucose level stimulates the release of glucagon, which in turn stimulates the release of glycogen to increase blood glucose levels. d. When there is excess blood sugar, the excess glucose and ATP produce glycogen. A drop in blood glucose level stimulates the release of glucagon, which in turn releases more glucagon to increase blood glucose levels.
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