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Introduction In Part 1 of this lab a fluid-flow experiment will be performed to verify Bernoulli's equation. Since the fluid needs to be incompressible with a well-known density, water will be used. The water will flow through a hose and into a nozzle all while maintaining steady flow. This lab will allow students to visualize the relationship between the velocity of a fluid and pressure. In Part 2 of this lab, the water flowing out of the nozzle will be directed over a vessel containing ice. By knowing the flow rate of the fluid emitted from the nozzle, the duration of time necessary to melt the ice can be determined. Lab Procedure Part 1 Step 1) Visit the website: https://ophysics.com/fl2.html Step 2) Slide the scale for h? to 0 and slide the scale for h2 to 0. Step 3) Set the radius of r? to 1.0 m. Step 4) Set the radius of r? to 0.5 m. This now represents a hose with a nozzle attached. Step 5) Select the velocity of the water flowing through the hose to 2.0 m/s. Step 6) Record the velocity in the nozzle, and the pressures in both the hose and nozzle. Step 7) Calculate the flow rate of the water in the hose and nozzle. Step 8) Use Bernoulli's equation to determine the pressure in the hose and nozzle. Part 2 Step 1) The flow rate of water out of the nozzle remains constant. Step 2) The measured temperature of the water is 20° C Step 3) The nozzle is directed over a vessel containing a block of ice at a temperature of 0° C. Step 4) The initial volume of the ice block is 100.0 cm³ Step 5) Determine the volume of water required to completely melt the ice block. Step 6) Determine how long the water must continue to flow in order to completely melt the ice. Questions Part 1 1) Is the velocity greater in the hose or the nozzle? 2) Is the pressure greater in the hose or the nozzle? 3) Is the energy the same at all points along each streamline of the water as it flows? Explain. 4) Does the potential energy of the water change as it flows? Explain. 5) Does the internal energy of the water vary while it flows? Explain. Part 2 1) How much heat was transferred from the water to the ice. 2) Once thermal equilibrium is established, what is the temperature of the system? Be sure to include all data, calculations and answers to these questions in your lab report.

Introduction
In Part 1 of this lab a fluid-flow experiment will be performed to verify Bernoulli's equation. Since the fluid needs to be incompressible with a well-known density, water will be used. The water will flow through a hose and into a nozzle all while maintaining steady flow. This lab will allow students to visualize the relationship between the velocity of a fluid and pressure. In Part 2 of this lab, the water flowing out of the nozzle will be directed over a vessel containing ice. By knowing the flow rate of the fluid emitted from the nozzle, the duration of time necessary to melt the ice can be determined.

Lab Procedure
Part 1
Step 1) Visit the website: https://ophysics.com/fl2.html
Step 2) Slide the scale for h? to 0 and slide the scale for h2 to 0.
Step 3) Set the radius of r? to 1.0 m.
Step 4) Set the radius of r? to 0.5 m. This now represents a hose with a nozzle attached.
Step 5) Select the velocity of the water flowing through the hose to 2.0 m/s.
Step 6) Record the velocity in the nozzle, and the pressures in both the hose and nozzle.
Step 7) Calculate the flow rate of the water in the hose and nozzle.
Step 8) Use Bernoulli's equation to determine the pressure in the hose and nozzle.

Part 2
Step 1) The flow rate of water out of the nozzle remains constant.
Step 2) The measured temperature of the water is 20° C
Step 3) The nozzle is directed over a vessel containing a block of ice at a temperature of 0° C.
Step 4) The initial volume of the ice block is 100.0 cm³
Step 5) Determine the volume of water required to completely melt the ice block.
Step 6) Determine how long the water must continue to flow in order to completely melt the ice.

Questions
Part 1
1) Is the velocity greater in the hose or the nozzle?
2) Is the pressure greater in the hose or the nozzle?
3) Is the energy the same at all points along each streamline of the water as it flows? Explain.
4) Does the potential energy of the water change as it flows? Explain.
5) Does the internal energy of the water vary while it flows? Explain.

Part 2
1) How much heat was transferred from the water to the ice.
2) Once thermal equilibrium is established, what is the temperature of the system?

Be sure to include all data, calculations and answers to these questions in your lab report.

Introduction
In Part 1 of this lab a fluid-flow experiment will be performed to verify Bernoulli's equation. Since the fluid needs to be incompressible with a well-known density, water will be used. The water will flow through a hose and into a nozzle all while maintaining steady flow. This lab will allow students to visualize the relationship between the velocity of a fluid and pressure. In Part 2 of this lab, the water flowing out of the nozzle will be directed over a vessel containing ice. By knowing the flow rate of the fluid emitted from the nozzle, the duration of time necessary to melt the ice can be determined.

Lab Procedure
Part 1
Step 1) Visit the website: https://ophysics.com/fl2.html
Step 2) Slide the scale for h? to 0 and slide the scale for h2 to 0.
Step 3) Set the radius of r? to 1.0 m.
Step 4) Set the radius of r? to 0.5 m. This now represents a hose with a nozzle attached.
Step 5) Select the velocity of the water flowing through the hose to 2.0 m/s.
Step 6) Record the velocity in the nozzle, and the pressures in both the hose and nozzle.
Step 7) Calculate the flow rate of the water in the hose and nozzle.
Step 8) Use Bernoulli's equation to determine the pressure in the hose and nozzle.

Part 2
Step 1) The flow rate of water out of the nozzle remains constant.
Step 2) The measured temperature of the water is 20° C
Step 3) The nozzle is directed over a vessel containing a block of ice at a temperature of 0° C.
Step 4) The initial volume of the ice block is 100.0 cm³
Step 5) Determine the volume of water required to completely melt the ice block.
Step 6) Determine how long the water must continue to flow in order to completely melt the ice.

Questions
Part 1
1) Is the velocity greater in the hose or the nozzle?
2) Is the pressure greater in the hose or the nozzle?
3) Is the energy the same at all points along each streamline of the water as it flows? Explain.
4) Does the potential energy of the water change as it flows? Explain.
5) Does the internal energy of the water vary while it flows? Explain.

Part 2
1) How much heat was transferred from the water to the ice.
2) Once thermal equilibrium is established, what is the temperature of the system?

Be sure to include all data, calculations and answers to these questions in your lab report.

Added by Samuel E.

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