Jean baptiste de lamarcks primary disagreement with charles...

Jean-Baptiste de Lamarck’s primary disagreement with Charles Darwin is based on which of the following claims that Lamarck made about the evolution of a new species? A. all individuals within a species have equal chances to improve their fitness B. over time, the species will evolve as the more fit individuals replace the less fit individuals C. species can produce more offspring than the environment can sustain D. those individuals that are more fit will survive and reproduce in the greatest numbers E. variation is present in all species

Transcript

00:01 Now, here we are addressing the differences in theories between the evolutionary theorists, lamarck, and the one everyone knows, darwin.

00:23 Lamarck, unfortunately, most people now remember because of his mistakes, and darwin is the big name that we now remember.

00:32 It's like, oh, yes, darwin was the one with the really good theory.

00:35 But what people tend to forget is both of these theorists said species change over time.

01:01 Now, you would go, well, darwin definitely had the better theory.

01:05 We know him.

01:07 But you have to also remember that lamarck was before darwin's time.

01:13 Darwin grew up reading about lamarck's work.

01:17 So even though lamarck...

01:21 Mark was proven to be wrong on a few counts, you have to give him credit that even on the early stage when most people were very, very, very set on the fact that species were fixed and unchanging, he pretty much came and said that species change over time.

01:43 Now, unfortunately, he made a couple of mistakes.

01:49 And one of them was, thinking that evolution followed some sort of upward trend.

02:01 What did he mean? unfortunately, he said you started from dead matter and then worked your way up and up and up from dead matter towards some kind of perfection.

02:22 Whatever worked best, you would evolve more and more and more towards.

02:33 Although some of that idea, if you can sort of sounds familiar, deals with darwin, that what works better gets preserved and goes on to future generations, we know that evolution doesn't work towards perfection.

02:50 But back then, this was really revolutionary kind of thinking, that species change over time towards more and more perfect things.

03:00 Now, when it comes to that, darwin, let's go with darwin here.

03:07 Darwin did not talk about upward change.

03:12 He actually talked about dissent, sort of like a downward kind of thing.

03:18 But he meant like descent from descendants, okay, the offspring and everything like that.

03:26 Not towards perfection, but towards what was best adapted.

03:34 So descent, so offspring will move towards best adapted.

03:59 Not really kind of a perfection, not like the fastest, the best, the smartest.

04:05 No, because maybe the fastest was not the best adapted for that environment.

04:11 Maybe the strongest is not the best adapted for that environment.

04:15 So it wasn't towards perfection, but towards the best adapted.

04:21 Okay, so definitely darwin did not talk about, you know, evolution taking some sort of upward direction.

04:37 All right.

04:39 The next we're talking about, in terms of lamarck, behavioral changes...

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