Life history and kidney function Your lab partner is concerned the insectivores that you are studying seem to have an unusually active rate of kidney activity. What should you tell her? Multiple Choice The toxicity of the insect-based diet creates the necessity of removing toxins from the blood of the insectivores, so the kidneys must maintain high rates of activity. High rates of kidney activity are characteristic of aging animals, so you can infer that your insectivores are reaching the end of their life span. Laboratory animals often have artificially high rates of kidney activity. The high protein diet supplies a large amount of nitrogenous waste to be processed, so the kidneys must be very active to keep up.
Added by Concepci-N G.
Close
Step 1
This is necessary for their survival and health. Show more…
Show all steps
Your feedback will help us improve your experience
Adi S and 77 other Biology educators are ready to help you.
Ask a new question
Labs
Want to see this concept in action?
Explore this concept interactively to see how it behaves as you change inputs.
Key Concepts
Recommended Videos
Overview One of the most important functions of the kidney is the filtration of blood and the maintenance of blood pressure. When a patient has hypertension, one of the treatments given is a diuretic, and one of the risks of chronic hypertension if not treated is renal failure. The treatment for renal failure is dialysis. There are two types of dialysis: hemodialysis and peritoneal. Discussion Prompt Discuss the normal filtration process of fluid that is done by the kidneys to form urine. Discuss which part of this filtration process is affected by the diuretic medication to help lower blood pressure. Discuss the difference in the two types of dialysis, and which one you would prefer for a patient and why?
Adi S.
Researchers interested in the physiology of the kidney made the measurements shown in table 27.1. On the basis of your understanding of how the kidney works, explain why some substances are found at the same concentration in the plasma and glomerular filtrate and why albumin, a plasma protein, is not. Also explain why concentrations of urea, uric acid, potassium, and chloride are higher in the urine than in the glomerular filtrate, but concentrations of glucose and sodium are lower in the urine than in the glomerular filtrate. Create a flowchart that traces a drop of water from the time it enters the mouth until it is voided in the urine of a mammal. You will have to list structures from the digestive, circulatory, and excretory systems. Table 27.1 Concentrations of Selected Substances (mg/100 ml fluid) Substance Plasma Glomerular Filtrate Urine Albumin 4,500 0 0 Glucose 100 100 0 Urea 26 26 1,820 Uric acid 4 4 53 Na 330 330 297 K 16 16 192 Cl 350 350 455
Sri K.
Patients with chronic kidney failure may be treated by dialysis, in which a machine removes toxic wastes from the blood, a function normally performed by the kidneys. Kidney failure and dialysis can cause other changes, such as retention of phosphorus, that must be corrected by changes in diet. A study of the nutrition of dialysis patients measured the level of phosphorus in the blood of several patients on six occasions. Here are the data for one patient (in milligrams of phosphorus per deciliter of blood): 5.3, 5.2, 4.4, 4.8, 5.6, 6.3. The measurements are separated in time and can be considered an SRS of the patient's blood phosphorus level. Assume that this level varies normally with σ = 0.9 mg/dl. (Round your answers to three decimal places.) Give a 95% confidence interval for the mean blood phosphorus level. (_______________, _______________)
Recommended Textbooks
Biology for AP Courses
Objective Biology for NEET
Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
Transcript
18,000,000+
Students on Numerade
Trusted by students at 8,000+ universities
Watch the video solution with this free unlock.
EMAIL
PASSWORD