Question

• List and describe chemical agents used in control of microorganisms. • Explain three ways how pathogenic microbes cause diseases in their hosts. • What are the main stages in the course of infection and disease? Explain the main events and characteristics for each of these stages. • Explain the role of reservoirs and vectors in maintenance and spreading of infectious agents. What is the difference between mechanical and biological vectors? What are carriers? • Explain endemic and sporadic diseases. What are epidemic and pandemic diseases? • Describe components of three lines of host defense from microorganisms. • Describe the process of phagocytosis (what immune cells are capable of doing phagocytosis and what are the main steps in this process). • Explain the basis of immunologic (serological) methods of diagnosing infections. Chose one immunologic method and explain how it can be used in diagnosing infections? • Explain five mechanisms of action (targets) of antibiotics and list related groups of antibiotics for each target. • Describe five mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance. • Select one infectious disease and explain: signs and symptoms, causative agents, pathogenesis and virulence factors, diagnosis methods, transmission and epidemiology, and prevention and treatment. 3. Short answer questions 3 points A total of 3 questions - 1 point/question These questions will be related to topics listed in the Open ended questions above. 4. Miscellaneous questions and problems 6 points List of possible questions and problems: • Problems related to bacterial growth in culture (calculation of number of bacterial cells in culture knowing generation time). • Problem related to use different objective and ocular lenses • Different classification or connection questions: ? To classify pathogens in group of microorganisms they belong or to connect causative agent with related disease; ? To link bacterial names with appropriate pictures, related to the shape and aggregation of bacterial cells; ? To classify diagnostic methods; ? To link microorganisms with nutritional types or appropriate environmental factors.

          • List and describe chemical agents used in control of
microorganisms.
• Explain three ways how pathogenic microbes cause diseases
in their hosts.
• What are the main stages in the course of infection and
disease? Explain the main events and characteristics for
each of these stages.
• Explain the role of reservoirs and vectors in maintenance
and spreading of infectious agents. What is the difference
between mechanical and biological vectors? What are
carriers?
• Explain endemic and sporadic diseases. What are epidemic
and pandemic diseases?
• Describe components of three lines of host defense from
microorganisms.
• Describe the process of phagocytosis (what immune cells
are capable of doing phagocytosis and what are the main
steps in this process).
• Explain the basis of immunologic (serological) methods of
diagnosing infections. Chose one immunologic method and
explain how it can be used in diagnosing infections?
• Explain five mechanisms of action (targets) of antibiotics
and list related groups of antibiotics for each target.
• Describe five mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance.
• Select one infectious disease and explain: signs and
symptoms, causative agents, pathogenesis and virulence
factors, diagnosis methods, transmission and epidemiology,
and prevention and treatment.

3. Short answer questions
3 points
A total of 3 questions - 1 point/question
These questions will be related to topics listed in the Open
ended questions above.

4. Miscellaneous questions and
problems 6 points
List of possible questions and problems:
• Problems related to bacterial growth in culture (calculation
of number of bacterial cells in culture knowing generation
time).
• Problem related to use different objective and ocular lenses
• Different classification or connection questions:
? To classify pathogens in group of microorganisms
they belong or to connect causative agent with related
disease;
? To link bacterial names with appropriate pictures,
related to the shape and aggregation of bacterial cells;
? To classify diagnostic methods;
? To link microorganisms with nutritional types or
appropriate environmental factors.

• List and describe chemical agents used in control of
microorganisms.
• Explain three ways how pathogenic microbes cause diseases
in their hosts.
• What are the main stages in the course of infection and
disease? Explain the main events and characteristics for
each of these stages.
• Explain the role of reservoirs and vectors in maintenance
and spreading of infectious agents. What is the difference
between mechanical and biological vectors? What are
carriers?
• Explain endemic and sporadic diseases. What are epidemic
and pandemic diseases?
• Describe components of three lines of host defense from
microorganisms.
• Describe the process of phagocytosis (what immune cells
are capable of doing phagocytosis and what are the main
steps in this process).
• Explain the basis of immunologic (serological) methods of
diagnosing infections. Chose one immunologic method and
explain how it can be used in diagnosing infections?
• Explain five mechanisms of action (targets) of antibiotics
and list related groups of antibiotics for each target.
• Describe five mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance.
• Select one infectious disease and explain: signs and
symptoms, causative agents, pathogenesis and virulence
factors, diagnosis methods, transmission and epidemiology,
and prevention and treatment.

3. Short answer questions
3 points
A total of 3 questions - 1 point/question
These questions will be related to topics listed in the Open
ended questions above.

4. Miscellaneous questions and
problems 6 points
List of possible questions and problems:
• Problems related to bacterial growth in culture (calculation
of number of bacterial cells in culture knowing generation
time).
• Problem related to use different objective and ocular lenses
• Different classification or connection questions:
? To classify pathogens in group of microorganisms
they belong or to connect causative agent with related
disease;
? To link bacterial names with appropriate pictures,
related to the shape and aggregation of bacterial cells;
? To classify diagnostic methods;
? To link microorganisms with nutritional types or
appropriate environmental factors.

Added by Gregory P.

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