1. List and describe five oxygen requirement/tolerance categories of bacteria. (10 pts) 2. Why are all human pathogens mesophiles? (1 pt) 3. What is fermentation? What are three possible end products of fermentation? (4 pts) 4. What are the three main chemical reactions that make up aerobic cellular respiration? Briefly describe what happens in each reaction. (6 pts) 5a. What is measured in the bacterial growth curve? (1 pt) 5b. What are the four phases in the bacterial growth curve? What is happening in the culture at each phase? (8 pts) 6a. How do bacteria acquire outside DNA? Briefly define each process. (6 pts) 6b. Provide two reasons why bacterial transformation could be detrimental for humans. (2 pts) 7. A stretch of mRNA is GCUUACCGAUAC. a. What is the resulting amino acid sequence? (1 pt) b. The above mRNA sequence is derived from a sequence of DNA. What is that sequence? (1 pt) c. Assume a deletion of the first U occurs. List the resulting amino acid sequence from that mutated mRNA. (1 pt)
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