6. Look at the following three mRNA sequences. Which two...

6. Look at the following three mRNA sequences. Which two code for the same protein? a. AGU UUA GCA ACG AGA UCA b. UCG CUA GCG ACC AGU UCA c. AGC CUC GCC ACU CGU AGU Mutations FRAMESHIFT refers to the codon reading frame, and results in a change in the amino acid sequence. It is a result of either a deletion or insertion mutation and always produces a nonfunctional protein. DELETION is when a base is lost INSERTION is when a base is added POINT MUTATION is when one base is substituted for another (such as C to T) MISSENSE is when the substitution changes the amino acid that should be coded SILENT is if the substitution does not change the amino acid NONSENSE is if the substitution changes the amino acid to a STOP codon 7. Which type(s) of mutations results in abnormal amino acid sequence? 8. Which type of mutation stops the translation of the mRNA? 9. What kind of mutation is more likely to result in a nonfunctional protein, an insertion or a point mutation? Why?

Transcript

00:01 In order to answer this question, let's talk about the process of translation.

00:03 Question number one is giving you these three options.

00:07 And they are asking you to look at these 3mrna sequences and state which two of them are going to call for the same protein.

00:15 So in order to answer this, we have to look at the genetic code table that you can find on internet.

00:20 We just type genetic code if you're going to find a table that has all the columns in each amino acids that all of them are going to call for.

00:29 For example, according to the genetic code, agu is going to code for setting, setting, okay? and then you can continue doing the same for all of them.

00:41 But let's solve for the first a codon here, that is ucg, and ucg calls for setting also.

00:50 Then you have agc, and agc calls for also sharing.

00:54 So up to here, all of them are similar.

00:57 Then you have uua.

00:58 Uua calls for losing c -uj -y.

01:02 Cua calls for losing and cuc calls for losing.

01:08 So out of here we don't have an answer yet.

01:12 Then you have gca and gca codes for aligning.

01:18 Gcg also calls for aladdin and gcc calls for aladdin.

01:23 Then you have acg.

01:25 And acg calls for threoning.

01:28 Acc calls for also strioning and acu calls for thriony then you have ada.

01:37 Aga calls for argining, agu calls for setting, okay, aege you setting and ada argining.

01:47 Now you have cgu and cgu goes for argonin.

01:54 Cgu goes for argonin.

01:57 So these are your signals at all here, as you can see here, a and c are similar while b is a different one.

02:05 Okay, so practically the answer here is going to be a and c that have the same, or have the same amino, or are going to code for the same protein sequence, okay? now you have a background information about mutations, and you have more questions.

02:22 Question seven says, which type or types of mutations result in abnormal amino acid sequence? and when the answer for question seven is going to be frame shift mutation, also point mutations, but within them, those that are going to code for an abnormal amino acid sequence are mis -sense mutation and also non -sense mutation.

02:45 Okay, silent mutations are not going to, are not an answer here because silent mutations are mutations that change one nucleotide here, for example, but they are going to, they are not going to cause a change in the amino acid...

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