2) Match the descriptions with the terms listed below. _____Protein-rRNA complex that is involved in removing portions of mRNA during RNA processing in eukaryotes _____ This must bind first to the DNA before the RNA polymerase can start transcribing DNA in bacterial cells _____ This DNA triplet codes for a "STOP" signal recognized by the ribosome during translation _____ This is the anticodon on the tRNA that would code for glutamate _____ This type of point mutation in DNA results usually results in massive missense of the protein _____This is added to the 5' end of mRNA, and helps to protect mRNA from degradation _____ Site on the ribosome which contains the growing polypeptide _____ This region of DNA binds the basal transcription factors in eukaryotes _____ Portion of eukaryotic mRNA that is translated into protein after after it is processed. _____ This type of molecule has a binding site for an amino acid and also base pairs with mRNA A. TAG B. sigma factor C. UAA D. tRNA E. amino acyl protein F. rRNA G. GUU H. single base deletion I. spliceosome J. single base substitution K. exon L. CUU M. A-site N. intron O. ribose P. promoter Q. poly adenine tail R. transcriptor S. P-site T. CAP
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Protein-rRNA complex that is involved in removing portions of mRNA during RNA processing in eukaryotes: **I. spliceosome** Show moreā¦
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PART 1: THE CENTRAL DOGMA PROCESS The unit of heredity that is transferred from parent to offspring is a 'gene'. The gene contains information that the cell can use to generate a gene product. This information is accessed first through the process of Transcription. Information that encodes for proteins will also go through the process of Translation, after Transcription. Transcription and Translation occur in phases: Initiation, Elongation, Termination. Fill in the missing parts below. Transcription Initiation 1. RNA polymerase binds to the ________ ________ at the beginning of a gene. 2. Unlike DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase does not need a ________ to start polymerization. 3. The location of the first nucleotide 'read' by RNA polymerase is the ________ site. Translation Initiation 1. The ribosome assembles on the ________ site on the mRNA. 2. The ribosome of a huge protein that can be seen with an electron microscope. It is composed of two subunits made of protein as well as ________. 3. To initiate translation, the tRNA that binds to the start codon must enter the ribosome's active site. This site is generically called the ________ site. 4. Codons are groups of ________ nucleotides. Transcription Elongation 4. The energy source for the addition of each incoming nucleotide is located in the hydrolysis of the ________ bond in the incoming nucleotide. 5. RNA polymerase reads the ________ strand of the DNA. 6. RNA polymerase reads the DNA in the ________ direction. Translation Elongation 5. The ribosome reads the codons on the mRNA in the ORF which stands for ________. 6. The ribosome catalyzes the bond between amino acids, called the ________. Transcription Termination There are many ways termination occurs for transcription. Most commonly, a transcription termination site in the DNA is reached, which causes the RNA polymerase to fall of the DNA. Translation Termination Termination occurs for translation once the ribosome hits a stop codon. This codon does not code for an amino acid, instead it binds a small molecule that destabilizes the ribosome structure and causes it to disassemble.
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15. What mRNA will be made from a segment of DNA that reads TAG GAG TAT a. UAG GAG UAU b. ATC CTC ATA c. TAT GAG GAT d. AUC CUC AUA e. GAT TAT AGC 16. To start DNA replication what enzyme is needed to start the process? a. DNA ligase b. DNA polymerase c. RNA polymerase d. RNA glucase 17. To start RNA transcription what enzyme is needed to start the process? a. DNA ligase b. DNA polymerase c. RNA polymerase d. RNA glucase 18. The function of messenger RNA is to a. determine the sequence of amino acids needed to make the protein b. to carry the genetic code for protein synthesis to the ribosomes c. to carry the necessary amino acids to the ribosomes and mRNA d. make up the bulk of the ribosomes 19. The function of transfer RNA is to a. read out the codes on the DNA to make the proteins b. to carry the genetic code c. to carry the necessary amino acids to the messenger RNA d. all of the above 20. The function of ribosomal RNA is to provide a crucial component of the ribosome that reads the codon and anticodon connections. a. true b. false 21. The codon of mRNA is CAU. What is the anticodon on the tRNA? a. CAT b. GAT c. GAA d. GUA 22. Protein synthesis takes place a. in the nucleus and uses a tRNA template b. in the nucleus and uses a mRNA template c. on the cell membrane and uses a mRNA d. on the rough ER and uses a mRNA template
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