Question

Morris is a 52-year-old man with a history of 10 years of type 2 diabetes. His serum creatinine is 0.9 mg, and his blood pressure is 130/90. Morris is overweight and does not exercise regularly. His glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was measured and recorded to be 98 ml/min. His 24-hour urine shows a significant increase in microalbuminuria from 100 mg/24 hours last year to the current 200 mg/24 hours. According to these investigations, his doctor informed Morris that he has stage chronic kidney disease (CKD), indicating kidney damage. Answer the following questions: 1. Is his GFR at a normal rate? What would you expect the GFR values to be in end-stage kidney failure? 3. What led to microalbuminuria in this case? 4. Explain the pathophysiology of microalbuminuria. 5. Is his serum creatinine at a normal level? What does high serum creatinine indicate? 7. What is the prognosis of this case? 8. How can Morris be treated?

          Morris is a 52-year-old man with a history of 10 years of type 2 diabetes. His serum creatinine is 0.9 mg, and his blood pressure is 130/90. Morris is overweight and does not exercise regularly. His glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was measured and recorded to be 98 ml/min.

His 24-hour urine shows a significant increase in microalbuminuria from 100 mg/24 hours last year to the current 200 mg/24 hours. According to these investigations, his doctor informed Morris that he has stage chronic kidney disease (CKD), indicating kidney damage.

Answer the following questions:
1. Is his GFR at a normal rate?
What would you expect the GFR values to be in end-stage kidney failure?
3. What led to microalbuminuria in this case?
4. Explain the pathophysiology of microalbuminuria.
5. Is his serum creatinine at a normal level?
What does high serum creatinine indicate?
7. What is the prognosis of this case?
8. How can Morris be treated?

Added by Lisa B.

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