Check Your Understanding A. Identify what is asked in each item. REMEMBER 1. It is a term used to describe the reaction between dissolution and precipitation. 2. It states that the solubility of a gas in a liquid is proportional to its pressure over the solution. 3. It is a phenomenon where gases bubble out from carbonated drinks when pressure is released. 4. It is a painful and fatal decompression sickness that results when divers ascend rapidly to water. 5. It is a derived unit used to represent the constant
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B. Water Softening 1. What is the precipitate formed from the reaction of permanent hard water with sodium carbonate? Write the balanced chemical reaction involved. 2. Compare the results obtained when soap solution was added to the soft and hard water. Soft Hard Relative amount of bubbles Relative amount of precipitates
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4. Solubility of carbon dioxide in water as a function of temperature Add approximately 40 ml of carbonated water and two drops of bromothymol blue indicator to a 250- milliliter beaker. Record the color of the solution. Bring to a boil on a hot plate, turn it off and observe the color change. Bromothymol blue is yellow in acid solutions and blue in neutral or basic solutions. Acidic or Basic? Color of solution before boiling Color of solution after boiling Write the equation for the reaction responsible for the acidity of the carbonated water. What causes the change in acidity with increasing temperature?
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A carbonated beverage is made by saturating water with carbon dioxide at $0^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ and a pressure of 3.0 atm. The bottle is then opened at room temperature $\left(25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\right),$ and comes to equilibrium with air in the room containing $\mathrm{CO}_{2}{ }\left(P_{\mathrm{CO}_{2}}=\right.$ $\left.3.4 \times 10^{-4} \mathrm{~atm}\right)$. The Henry's law constant for the solubility of $\mathrm{CO}_{2}$ in water is 0.0769 M/atm at $0^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ and $0.0313 \mathrm{M} / \mathrm{atm}$ at $25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ (a) What is the concentration of carbon dioxide in the bottle before it is opened? (b) What is the concentration of carbon dioxide in the bottle after it has been opened and come to equilibrium with the air?
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