Niche is defined as the portion of resources that are shared between the niches of two or more species.
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12. Niche overlap The extent to which species compete for resources is often measured by the niche overlap. If the horizontal axis represents a continuum of different resource types (for example, seed sizes for certain bird species), the a plot of the degree of preference for these resources is called a species' niche. The degree of overlap of two species' niches is then a measure of the extent to which they compete for resources. The niche overlap for a species is the fraction of the area under its preference curve that is also under the other species' curve. The niches displayed in the figure are given by $$\begin{array}{ll}{n_{1}(x)=(x-1)(3-x)} & {1 \leq x \leq 3} \\ {n_{2}(x)=(x-2)(4-x)} & {2 \leq x \leq 4}\end{array}$$ $$\begin{array}{l}{\text { Estimate the niche overlap for species } 1 \text { using midpoints. }} \\ {\text { (Choose the number of subintervals yourself.) }}\end{array}$$
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