Which of the following lists only essential trace elements?
a. zinc, iron, manganese, fluoride, molybdenum
b. boron, copper, iodine, selenium, manganese
c. copper, manganese, selenium, chromium, molybdenum
d. iron, zinc, magnesium, iodine, selenium
2. Which of the following is true of trace minerals?
a. All trace minerals can function as co-factors for enzymes.
b. Their content in plant foods is strongly influenced by the mineral content of the soil where they are grown.
c. Their absorption does not change when body stores are low.
d. Toxicity is more likely with major minerals than with trace minerals.
3. Which of the following minerals is NOT involved in antioxidant functions?
a. selenium
b. molybdenum
c. copper
d. iron
4. Which of the following is true of iodine?
a. Many pregnant women in the United States are likely deficient in iodine.
b. Iodine toxicity significantly impairs brain development and function.
c. Iodine has many well-established roles in the body.
d. The majority of iodine in the American diet is provided by seafood.
5. Which of the following is TRUE about the regulation of thyroid hormone production and its function?
a. It regulates the synthesis of numerous proteins.
b. Thyroid stimulating hormone is produced by the hypothalamus.
c. Low levels of thyroid hormone cause weight loss and anxiety.
d. Goiter is caused only by low levels of iodine.
6. Which of the following is true of iron sources and functions?
a. The only dietary sources of iron are meat, fish, and poultry.
b. Myoglobin and hemoglobin contain equal amounts of iron.
c. Heme iron is always better absorbed than non-heme iron.
d. The body cannot recycle iron for other uses.
7. Which of the following does NOT decrease the absorption of non-heme iron?
a. phytates
b. polyphenols
c. oxalates
d. calcium
8. Which of the following does NOT function as an enzyme co-factor?
a. manganese
b. copper
c. selenium
d. iodine
9. Which of the following is true of anemia?
a. Iron-deficiency anemia results in red blood cells that are larger than normal.
b. The most common cause of anemia is poor iron absorption.
c. Young women have a higher risk of anemia than women over 50 years of age.
d. Iron is the only mineral deficiency that will impair hemoglobin synthesis.
10. The absorption of what mineral is enhanced by vitamin C?
a. selenium
b. iron
c. zinc
d. copper
11. What mineral is not included in children's multivitamin/mineral supplements because it is a major cause of unintentional poisoning deaths?
a. iodine
b. selenium
c. iron
d. zinc
13. A deficiency of what mineral can increase the likelihood of developing a vitamin E deficiency?
a. iron
b. selenium
c. zinc
d. copper
15. What population is NOT at risk for a zinc deficiency?
a. vegetarians
b. alcoholics
c. elderly
d. individuals eating a diet high in meat