Part B - Which one of these will happen first to regulate the cardiovascular response? There will be an increase in the amount of carbon dioxide generated by the muscles, so autoregulation would try to increase the blood flow in each capillary bed by dilating the precapillary sphincters The chemoreceptors would respond to the change in pH of the blood, and would elicit the release of erythropoietin The baroreceptors in the aortic sinuses would begin to stretch due to the decreased pressure from the heart, therefore signaling the cardioacceleratory center to become active All of the above None of the above Part A - Why is a warm-up (such as dynamic stretchnig) an important part of your workout? The sympathetic nervous system gets activated, increasing the cardiac output More blood will be directed to the muscles due to vasodilation Since most of the blood is in the venous system, muscular contractions will help return the blood that is in the liver, bone marrow, and skin All of the above
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1a. Which of the following are stages of the cardiac cycle? Select all that apply. a. As blood flows into the arteries, the pressure in the ventricles drops, and the aortic and pulmonary valves close b. The ventricles start to contract and rising pressure shuts the atrioventricular valves and opens the aortic and pulmonary valves. c. An atrial contraction squeezes more blood into the relaxed ventricles. d. As relaxed atria fill, fluid pressure opens the atrioventricular valves, and blood flows into the relaxed ventricles. 1b. Which of the following components of blood is filled with hemoglobin and transports oxygen? a. Plasma b. Red blood cell c. White blood cell d. Platelet 1c. During capillary exchange, which of the following occurs only at the arterial end of a capillary? a. CO2 b. diffuses and other wastes are transported into the plasma. c. High blood pressure forces protein-free plasma out between cells of the capillary wall. d. Water enters blood by osmosis. e. O2 f. diffuses and nutrients are transported out of blood into interstitial fluid.
Madhur L.
As blood goes from the left ventricle through the arteries and veins of the human body, both its speed and pressure change. The arteries and arterioles can either constrict, reducing the area, or dilate, increasing the area, in response to certain conditions. Both of these changes can affect blood flow and blood pressure. An artery can also develop a permanent narrow area (stenosis) or a permanent wide area (aneurysm). Both of these changes can have significant health consequences. Suppose that in response to some stimulus a small blood vessel narrows to $90 \%$ of its original diameter. If there is no change in the pressure across the vessel, what is the ratio of the new volume flow rate to the original flow rate? A. 0.66 B. 0.73 C. 0.81 D. 0.90
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