Patient Y is diagnosed with celiac disease. Gluten antigens in the patient's diet flatten the mucosa, affecting nutrient digestion and absorption. The classic symptoms are diarrhea and weight loss. The mucosal structure that might be flattened is/are the haustra of the large intestine, villi of the small intestine, circular folds of the duodenum, and rugae of the stomach.
Patient Z is diagnosed with a duodenal ulcer that has perforated, meaning that it has developed a hole that has gone through all tissue layers. Order the tissue layers of the duodenum from innermost (deepest) to topmost (superficial):
- Submucosa
- Mucosa
- Muscularis externa
- Serosa