Phosphorylation cascades involving a series of protein kinases are useful for cellular signal transduction because: a. they are species-specific. b. they always lead to the same cellular response. c. they amplify the original signal manyfold. d. they counter the harmful effects of phosphatases. e. the number of molecules used is small and fixed.
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Phosphorylation cascades involve a series of protein kinases that sequentially activate each other through the addition of phosphate groups. This process is a common mechanism in cellular signal transduction. Show more…
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Phosphorylation cascades involving a series of protein kinases are useful for cellular signal transduction because: a. they are species specific. b. they always lead to the same cellular response. c. they amplify the original signal manyfold. d. they counter the harmful effects of phosphatases. e. the number of molecules used is small and fixed.
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In general, a signal transmitted via phosphorylation of a series of proteins A) brings a conformational change to each protein. B) requires binding of a hormone to a cytosol receptor. C) cannot occur in yeasts because they lack protein phosphatases. D) requires phosphorylase activity. E) allows target cells to change their shape and therefore their activity.
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Protein phosphorylation is commonly involved with all of the following except a. activation of receptor tyrosine kinases. b. activation of protein kinase molecules. c. activation of G protein-coupled receptors. d. regulation of transcription by signaling molecules.
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