Phylogenetic Trees A phylogenetic tree depicts a hypothesis about the way that a group of organisms, or taxa, are related. The common ancestor of all the taxa is shown at the base of the tree. Labels A-H represent taxa, and the seven branching points are labelled. A B C D E F G H 2 7 1 6 3 5 4 Let's make sure we understand some basics about phylogenetic trees . . . True or False: Taxon A is more closely related to Taxon B than to Taxon D. Select one: True False
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Which of these are true statements about this phylogenetic tree? Please select ALL that apply. Taxon A is the most advanced species. Taxon A and Taxon B are the most similar species. Taxon D is most closely related to the group composed of A and B. Taxon C diverged from the other taxons first. Taxon C is the most primitive species of the four. Taxon A is more different from Taxon D than Taxon B is.
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Which of the following is false regarding phylogenetic analysis? Select one: a. A phylogeny can be structured based upon a variety of characters including morphology, behavior, and cell structure b. In using DNA to infer phylogeny, a particular gene could be the character and the nucleotide positions would be the various character states c. Phylogenetics can be used to identify synapomorphies which are instances of convergent evolution within a single taxon lineage d. Phylogenetics enables scientists to identify monophyletic groups which are the set of all known descendants from a single common ancestor e. None of the above f. All of the above
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Based on the tree in Figure $32.11,$ which statement is false? a. The animal kingdom is monophyletic. b. Acoelomate flatworms are more closely related to echinoderms than to annelids. c. Sponges are basal animals. d. Bilaterians form a clade.
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