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Researchers manipulated the hippocampus of rats and then trained them to perform a task alongside sham-operated controls. Both groups of animals could train to a task equally as well. However, when removed from the training environment and tested to recall the task, the lesioned animals showed impaired memory compared to the controls. This suggests that the hippocampus plays a crucial role in learning and memory.
Additionally, a study investigated the effects of a stress-induced protein synthesis inhibitor on learning and memory. The results indicated that inhibiting protein synthesis during a stressful event impaired the animals' ability to recall the task, further supporting the importance of protein synthesis in memory formation.
In another study, researchers examined the impact of a germline mutation disabling pendrin. If there was such a mutation, it would be expected to result in an enlarged thyroid rather than a shrunken thyroid or Grave's disease.