Predict which of the following processes are spontaneous in the forward direction, spontaneous in the reverse direction, or in equilibrium? Circle the answer.
Diffusion of perfume from one side of a room to the other.
Forward, Reverse, or Equilibrium
When a hot piece of metal is placed in water, the water heats up.
Forward, Reverse, or Equilibrium
Formation of rust (Fe2O3 H2O) from iron metal, oxygen, and water.
Forward, Reverse, or Equilibrium
Decomposition of solid CaCO3 to solid CaO and gaseous CO2 at 25°C and 1 atm pressure (Kp = 1.4 x 10^-23).
Forward, Reverse, or Equilibrium
10. Predict the sign of ΔS in the system for each of the following processes. Circle the answer.
CO2 (g) -> CO2 (s)
Positive or Negative
2 H2 (g) + O2 (g) -> 2 H2O (l)
Positive or Negative
N2 (g) + 3 H2 (g) -> 2 NH3 (g)
Positive or Negative
I2 (s) -> I2 (aq)
Positive or Negative
11. Which state has the higher entropy? Circle the correct answer.
1 mole of NaCl (s) or 1 mole of HCl (g) at 25°C
A bouncy ball at 0°C or a bouncy ball at 50°C
1 mol of N2 gas at STP or 1 mol of N2 gas at 273 K in a volume of 14.5 L
1 mol of N2 gas at STP or 1 mol of N2 gas at 273 K and 0.75 atm