Q. 1 African cichlid fishes have undergone dramatic diversification over the last 100,000 years. This is considered to be an impressive example of sympatric speciation. What mechanisms could lead to sympatric speciation? (Hint: you should be able to identify 2 mechanisms.) Be specific and explain your answer. Q. 2 Which of the following can lead to evolutionary changes in morphology? Explain your choice(s). A change in DNA sequence in the coding region of a gene. Changes in when/where a gene is expressed. Changes in which genes are present/absent in the cells of new structures.
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Step 1: Mechanisms that could lead to sympatric speciation include disruptive selection and polyploidy. Show more…
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1. Allopatric speciation is most likely to occur in which of the following scenarios? Group of answer choices There are two distinct possible feeding strategies within a given population, causing the rise of two species living in the same geographic area. All of the “parent” species of a new species go extinct, reducing gene flow between populations. A mutation changes the mating ritual followed by a subset of individuals in a population, and they end up forming an all-new species. A large lake is divided into two smaller lakes by a geological process, dividing a single species of fish into two different groups. 2. The observation that chickens and humans are bipedal but not part of the same taxonomic group is an example of Group of answer choices systematics. ancestry. gene flow. convergent evolution. 3. Adaptive radiations are associated with Group of answer choices taxonomy. microevolution. systematics. macroevolution.
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1. Which of the following models of speciation hinges on a physical barrier which prevents gene flow between populations? a. sympatric speciation b. allopatric speciation c. hybrid speciation d. speciation by polyploidy e. speciation via pollinator shifts 2. "Sympatric species with matching chromosome numbers are rare." What is a plausible reason for this? a. because allopatric speciation is far more common b. because sympatric speciation has only been hypothesized but not documented c. because coexisting populations need a boundary to gene flow before divergence can occur, and differences in chromosome numbers provide this d. because macroevolution is just a theory
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1. An alternation in the arrangement of nucleotides, possibly resulting in either a structural or physiological change in the organism, is known as: Group of answer choices A mutation Gene flow Natural selection Genetic drift A recessive gene 8. Gene flow is best described as: Group of answer choices Fluctuation in allele frequencies over time. A proportion of the population with a particular genotype. Differences in alleles of genes within individuals of a population. Movement of alleles with subsequent reproduction 9. All of the following lead to the formation of new species except: Group of answer choices The increase in genetic exchange via inbreeding depressions Allopatric speciation Disruptive selection Sympatric speciation The isolation of gene pools
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