00:01
And then just state a change of the following, how does it affect the given reaction rate.
00:07
The first one, you go from a substrate, go from a chloro methane to iodal methane.
00:18
So according to our knowledge that the reactivity of the alky halid depends on the different kind of ions.
00:28
So we know that order in the halidid is always that the iodide is greater than bromide, greater than chloride, greater than fluoride.
00:43
So obviously with bigger size, the iodide is a better leaving group than chloride.
00:56
So due to this, this one, iodide is more reactive than chloride here.
01:03
So as a result, since it's a better living group and it's more reactive, this replaced the chloral methane with iodol methane will actually cause the reaction rate to increase because this molecule is more reactive.
01:30
Second, you want to replace the nucleophile from the naoch3, which is a alco oxide, and then it will be switched to a n -a -s -c -o -3, thylate.
01:51
So now the nucleophilicity of the nuclear file is influenced by the polarizability.
01:59
So if you look at the polarizability, sulfur is more polarized than oxygen.
02:15
So when that happens, this increased the rate of the nucleophilic substitution reaction.
02:21
So therefore, the rate of the reaction will also increase.
02:31
So basically, the nuclear file, or we call nuclear felicity is influenced by the polarizability and the ability to donate electron.
02:45
So this one has a strong ability to donate electrons, so polarizable.
02:51
So more polarizable.
02:53
Therefore, this will also increase the rate of the reaction.
03:01
3.
03:02
Then you want to change the ch3, cl, which is the chloral methane, to a secondary halid, ch3, to chcl.
03:30
In this case, when you have a secondary alky halid for this reaction, the primary halets such as ch3l, the chloral methane undergo substitution faster than a secondary one.
03:46
Because the steric hindrance around the carbon center is greater in the secondary case.
03:56
So this is harder for the nuclear file to approach this carbon and carry a substitution...