Q6. The Binomial Theorem says that given any $a, b \in \mathbb{R}$ and an integer $n \ge 0$ $(a + b)^n = \sum_{k=0}^n \binom{n}{k} a^{n-k} b^k$ Prove the formula and use it to prove the identities: 1. $\sum_{k=0}^n \binom{n}{k} = 2^n$ 2. $\sum_{k=0}^n \binom{n}{k} 9^k = 10^n$ What is the coefficient of $x^7$ in $(2x + 3)^{10}$ when it is expanded by the binomial theorem?
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To prove the Binomial Theorem, we can use mathematical induction. Show more…
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Question 6: (a) Show that for n ∈ ℕ, n(1 + x)^{n-1} = ∑_{k=1}^{n} k inom{n}{k} x^{k-1}. [Hint: you may find it useful to look at the expansion of (1 + x)^n with the Binomial theorem] (b) Prove that n × 2^{n-1} = inom{n}{1} + 2 inom{n}{2} + ⋯ + n inom{n}{n} = ∑_{k=1}^{n} k inom{n}{k} (c) Show that ∑_{k=1}^{n} k^2 inom{n}{k} = n(n + 1) × 2^{n-2}.
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