Question #1-(10 points) Discuss the different types of mutations. Include how silent mutations can result in harmful affects. Give specific examples of each. Question #2 (10 points) In the context of evolution, discuss/compare/contrast the human genome/proteome with those of the chimpanzee.
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Explain how the DNA sequence determines the composition of the cell's proteins. Describe the impact of different types of mutations (silent mutations, missense mutations, and nonsense mutations) on a protein's makeup, and explain how this relates to whether or not the mutation might cause a genetic disorder. Explain why some mutations can be transmitted from parents to offspring, while others cannot.
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1. What is a mutation? 2. Describe the following and provide a specific example of each: a. point mutation/base substitution b. silent/neutral mutation c. missense mutation d. nonsense mutation e. frameshift mutations 3. Which of the mutations listed above is potentially most harmful to cells? Why? 4. a. What are "spontaneous mutations"? b. What is the approximate spontaneous mutation rate in a cell? c. In contrast, what is the approximate spontaneous mutation rate in an RNA virus?
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Please answer the following questions: Q1. Provide an example of a mutation that is helpful to humans, and a mutation that is harmful to humans. Q2. What are the three reasons for cell division? Q3. What are the similarities and differences between mitosis & meiosis? (List at least 3 each) Q4. Using the example of potatoes, why is variation important to a population when potato blight (a viral infection) is introduced to a crop? Q5. Discuss one societal issue that would occur if we were to stop using genetically modified crops?
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