QUESTION 13 Drug resistance occurs because bacteria are normal microbiota when antibiotics are used indiscriminately against bacteria and not against synthetic chemotherapeutic agents when antibiotics are taken after the symptoms disappear all of the above QUESTION 14 In what way are semisynthetic penicillins and natural penicillins alike? Both are broad spectrum Both are resistant to penicillinase Both are resistant to stomach acids Both are bactericidal Both are based on β-lactam QUESTION 15 Which of the following substances is the LEAST effective antimicrobial agent? soap cationic detergents phenolics iodine alcohol QUESTION 16 Which of the following statements is CORRECT with regard to aminoglycosides? examples include streptomycin and neomycin they cause inhibition of protein synthesis toxicity may damage the kidneys and auditory nerve all the above are true QUESTION 17 Which of these antimicrobial agents has potentially the fewest and least dangerous side effects? (Do not consider an individual with an allergy to any of these substances) Streptomycin Tetracycline Penicillin Erythromycin Chloramphenicol QUESTION 18 Protozoan and helminthic diseases are difficult to treat because Their cells are structurally and functionally similar to human cells They don't have ribosomes They don't reproduce None of the above QUESTION 19 Which concentration of ethyl alcohol is the most effective bactericide? 100% 70% 30% 7% QUESTION 20 Which of the following antimicrobial agents is recommended for use against fungal infections? Amphotericin B Bacitracin Cephalosporin Penicillin QUESTION 21 Which of the following is not a common mechanism by which antimicrobial agents kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria? damage to cell membranes destruction of capsules inhibition of cell wall synthesis inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis (either DNA or RNA) inhibition of protein synthesis QUESTION 22 Which of the following is used as a surgical hand scrub? phenol chlorine bleach chlorohexidine soap glutaraldehyde
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QUESTION 1 The Lactobacillus acidophilus organism is used to Change milk into butter Soften leather Make dark soy sauce Produce vitamin C QUESTION 2 Choose the correct statement about Health Canada's Childhood Immunization Schedule. It Is a compulsory health requirement for all children in Canada. Includes immunizations for children between 2 months and 16 years of age. Protects children from HIV, SARS, and the common cold. QUESTION 3 The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a retrovirus. This means that it uses the host cells to Turn RNA into DNA. Turn DNA into RNA. Break down the host cell wall. Take over the host cell's production of nutrients. QUESTION 4 "Hamburger disease" is caused by eating Too many high-fat hamburgers. Any undercooked foods that are contaminated with E. coli. QUESTION 5 The sole purpose of a virus is to Reproduce Migrate Mutate Destroy the host cell QUESTION 6 All mutated microbes are much stronger thus more potent than their predecessors. True False QUESTION 7 What living fossils are bacteria look-alikes? Fungi Archaea Protozoa Parasites QUESTION 8 Ball-shaped bacteria are called Cocci Bacilli Spirochetes Mycoplasma QUESTION 9 Why are antibiotics inappropriate for treating the common cold? There are so many different strains thus one drug will not be effective. Most people have developed resistance to antibiotics so they cannot cure the cold. A virus causes the common cold so antibiotics, which treat bacteria, are inappropriate. QUESTION 10 Hans Christian Gram developed a method called gram staining which is used to differentiate Bacteria from viruses Gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria An original versus mutant strain of bacteria Mature versus an immature bacterium QUESTION 11 Select the correct statement about microbes. They Can metabolize nutrients, create and excrete wastes. All have similar structures and ways of moving. Reproduce only if inside another organism's cell. Appeared in the environment about 100 years ago. QUESTION 12 Viruses, compared with bacteria, are very difficult to treat because Very little research has been done on viral infections. Antibiotics have made people very resistant to viral infections. The viral infection lasts much longer than a bacterial infection. In order to kill the virus, the host cells are sacrificed as well. QUESTION 13 What can occur if a person does not finish all of the antibiotics prescribed? An allergic reaction to the drug will occur the next time it is prescribed. Mutant bacteria can develop causing antibiotic resistance. Nothing will happen since we take too many antibiotics anyway. QUESTION 14 Choose the true statement about natural bacteria in food. There are no natural bacteria in food since all contamination is man-made. Restaurants are responsible for a much higher incidence of food poisoning than at home. Improper food handling and poor hand washing practices, not natural bacteria, cause most illnesses. Antibiotics in animals, such as cows, make our meat sterile thus much safer to eat. QUESTION 15 Active immunization means that the body receives A once-potent strain of a dead virus. A weakened or altered strain of a virus. The antibodies that were manufactured by another host. QUESTION 16 In the chain of infection, which link refers to the place where the microbes thrive and multiply? Reservoir Susceptible host Mode of transmission Portal of entry QUESTION 17 What purpose does the capsid serve for a virus? It Decodes the genetic material inside the cell. Protects the cell with its protein outer layer. Captures other invading organisms and uses them as nutrition. Helps the virus remain dormant until a viable host cell is available. QUESTION 18 Plants and bacteria contribute to their environments by giving off Ammonium chloride Carbon dioxide Sulfur dioxide Oxygen QUESTION 19 Order the following microbes from largest to smallest: (1) bacteria (2) virus (3) protozoa (4) yeast 2,1,4,3 4,3,2,1 1,2,3,4 3,4,1,2 QUESTION 20 Which of the following is a method used to identify the type of virus? Altering the temperature of the virus' environment. Analyzing the sound made by the virus as it detaches from a chemical. Identifying the nucleic acids found in the virus. All of the above.
Madhur L.
QUESTION 1 Would one be concerned to find bacteria on the skin? Select all that apply. a. No need for concern because bacteria are everywhere. b. Not if there is no rash or obvious infection. c. Yes, it's most likely an infection. d. If there is a rash of any type, and symptoms suggesting an infection, further analysis is needed. e. Just the presence of bacteria on the skin is no cause for alarm. QUESTION 18 Compared to eukaryotic microorganisms, prokaryotes ________________ (select all that apply) a. Have their genetic material floating in the cytoplasm. b. Have no nucleus. c. Have smaller ribosomes. d. Show differences in their motility appendages. e. None of these are correct. QUESTION 15 A disinfectant is used on your workbench in the lab. Select all that apply. a. Before the beginning of a procedure. b. After all work is completed. c. Because the flame is used. No disinfectants are needed. d. Right after the step where a plate of bacteria is opened. QUESTION 21 A student needed to transfer bacteria from a broth culture to an agar plate. Below is the step-by-step process of what was done to accomplish this. The transfer of bacteria was not successful because of which step? 1. Cap of the broth culture is removed. 2. The mouth of the bottle is flamed. 3. The loop was flamed. 4. The loop was inserted into the culture to pick up the bacteria. 5. The loop was flamed. 6. The loop containing the bacteria was used to introduce and spread the agar plate. 7. The plate was placed in an incubator at 30 Celsius. a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4 e. 5 f. 6 g. 7 QUESTION 23 Obtaining a pure culture (select all that apply) requires isolating a single colony. might require diluting the sample if the cell number is too high. liquid media only. none of these. QUESTION 30 Select the statements below for selective media. A selective media is used when we want certain species/strains of bacteria to grow in the culture and not the others. Certain chemicals or drugs that prevent the growth of some bacteria can be used to make selective media. Nutritional requirements can be exploited to make a selective media. A selective media can be used to identify a bacteria and therefore can be considered as a diagnostic test. A selective media is generally a poor media based on the nutritional content. All of the above are correct.
Alexander B.
QUESTION 20 Select the best response to the question. How do antifungal agents work? a. by preventing the making of ergosterol b. by inhibiting essential nucleic acid formation in viral particles c. by interfering with viral DNA and inhibiting replication d. by creating memory cells to help the body's immune system QUESTION 21 Select the best response to the question. Candida infection should be suspected in which of the following situations? a. a patient with a lung infection from inhaling soil spores where bats and birds are roosting b. an AIDS patient diagnosed with esophagitis c. a patient with ring-shaped skin lesions d. a patient with cracking and peeling skin between the toes QUESTION 22 Select the best response to the question. A person infected with Giardia should be treated with which of the following? a. antibiotics after the culture and sensitivity report is obtained b. fluids, electrolytes, and antimicrobials such as metronidazole c. no treatment is currently available d. oxygen and inhaled medications QUESTION 23 Select the best response to the question. Why are prions a concern for healthcare providers? a. Prions are resistant to a number of routine sterilization techniques. b. Large numbers of new prion-related diseases are diagnosed each year. c. Prion-related diseases require multiple medications for successful treatment. d. Prion-related diseases cause severe cardiopulmonary (heart)-related signs and symptoms. QUESTION 24 Select the best response to the question. A patient who receives an IM injection containing antibodies from individuals that have already had exposure to a disease is receiving which type of immunity? a. artificial active immunity b. natural active immunity c. the patient does not develop any immunity d. artificial passive immunity QUESTION 25 Select the best response to the question. A patient who contracts a strain of the flu has immunity in the future against that same strain of the flu. This is an example of which type of immunity? a. natural active immunity b. the patient does not develop any immunity c. artificial active immunity d. artificial passive immunity
Jorge V.
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