Question 16 1 pts The sodium-calcium exchanger is a protein that is found in many cells and is important in maintaining calcium homeostasis. A gradient for sodium is established by another energy-requiring process, and it is this gradient that provides the energy to bring sodium into the cell in exchange for removing calcium from it. In other words, the energy used in this process does not directly cause the movement of calcium ions. This type of transport is $\circ$ secondary active transport $\circ$ primary active transport $\circ$ osmosis $\circ$ facilitated diffusion
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The intracellular calcium ion concentration of ventricular muscle cells averages 10^-4 mmol/L during diastole. The calcium ion concentration in transverse tubules (T tubules) averages 2.5 mmol/L at rest. A protein transporter on the membrane of the T tubule exchanges sodium for calcium. The transporter uses the transmembrane sodium gradient to fuel the exchange. Which of the following transport mechanisms best describes this type of transporter? A. facilitated diffusion B. primary active transport C. secondary active co-transport D. secondary active counter-transport E. simple diffusion
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The sodium-calcium exchanger NCX transports sodium into and calcium out of cardiac muscle cells. Describe why this transporter is classified as secondary active transport?
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Sodium-potassium pumps maintain the electrical gradient of neuron cells. Each use of the pump requires ATP to move 2 potassium ions into the cell and 3 sodium out of the cell. This is an example of: Osmosis Passive transport Active transport Facilitated diffusion Simple diffusion
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