Question 2 Which of the following is necessary for evolution to occur? a) Mutation b) Variation c) Selection d) Adaptation Question 3 Which of the following is associated with chance events in natural populations? a) Character displacement b) Fitness c) Demographic stochasticity d) Intralocus sexual conflict Question 4 Evolution by natural selection is: a) Always slow and gradual b) Always extremely rapid c) Fast or slow depending on current selective pressures d) Variable within and among lineages c) Both c) and d)
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- The question asks which factor is necessary for evolution to occur. - Consider the options: a) Mutation: Mutations introduce new genetic material. b) Variation: Genetic variation is essential for natural selection to act upon. c) Selection: Natural Show more…
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Which of the following are vital components of the mechanism of natural selection? A. descent with modification (genetic variation) B. competition for resources C. differential reproductive success D. physical superiority 2. Jean Baptiste Lamarck (1744-1829) is famous (or infamous) for being the first to propose a mechanism by which species could evolve. What was the mechanism he proposed? A. Natural selection B. Inheritance of acquired characteristics C. Mendelian inheritance D. Adaptive radiation 3. Which of the following statements best defines the principle of superposition? A. Geologic strata are a result of the natural process of erosion and deposition B. That humans hold a superior position in the tree of life than all other organisms C. Geologic strata occur with the newest layers underneath and the oldest layers above D. Geologic strata occur with the oldest layers underneath and the newest layers above E. Superposition refers to the highest strata 4. George Cuvier was a proponent/supporter of catastrophism. Which of the following statements is/are true regarding catastrophism? A. The Earth has largely been shaped by sudden, short-lived, violent events B. The patterns of extinction and faunal succession that he and others were observing in the fossil record were due to catastrophic events C. That life is a catastrophe D. The worship of catastrophes 5. Which of the following statements are true? A. evolution is a fact B. evolution is a theory C. evolution may or may not lead to adaptation D. mutation, migration, and genetic drift all cause evolutionary change E. Evolution is not occurring in some populations 6. Evolution (in biological terms) is defined as ________________________ A. The change in allele frequencies in a population over generational time B. Mendel's patterns of inheritance C. Survival of the fittest D. Differential reproductive success 7. A father with type A blood and a mother with type AB blood have children. Which of the following is not a possible blood type for the children? (remember that the i allele coding for type O blood is a recessive allele while the A and B alleles are co-dominant) A. Type A B. Type B C. Type AB D. Type O 8. In snapdragons, heterozygotes have pink flowers, whereas homozygotes have either red or white flowers. When plants with red flowers are crossed with plants with white flowers, what proportion of the offspring will have pink flowers? A. 0% B. 25% C. 50% D. 75% E. 100%
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Which statement about natural selection is true? a. It is the same as evolution. b. It always results in reduced genetic variation. c. It can have an evolutionary effect only if phenotypic differences are heritable. d. It acts directly on genotypes. e. Changes in allele frequencies can occur only because of natural selection. 12. Why did industrial melanism in the peppered moth, Biston betularia, help convince researchers that the intensity of natural selection can be very strong? a. The dark-colored morph drove the light-colored morph to extinction. b. Birds were unable to prey on the moths once they acquired their color adaptations. c. The moth population exploded, covering England with moths during the Industrial Revolution. d. The dark-colored allele increased in frequency very rapidly in multiple populations and later decreased rapidly after the environment changed. e. Natural selection maintained constant proportions of the color alleles in the population, despite rapid environmental change brought about by the Industrial Revolution. 13. Which conditions are required for natural selection to occur? 1. Traits are heritable; offspring resemble parents 2. Traits are coded for by dominant genes 3. Traits are correlated with fitness 4. Populations reproduce sexually a. 1, 2 and 3 b. 3 and 4 c. 2, 3 and 4 d. 1 and 3 e. All of the conditions
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An extremely important observation made by Darwin while considering his collection of finches after his voyage on the Beagle was the different type of beak found on different species . Which of the following statements would be correct ? A. The beaks were adaptations , which allowed for different resources to be used b. All answers are correct c. The beaks illustrated examples of the effect of natural selection d. The birds were all descendants of the same common ancestor
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