Both the mitochondria and the chloroplast have structures that allow the accumulation of protons. Which compartment in the chloroplast is analogous (functionally does the same thing) to the intermembrane space in a mitochondrion? Thylakoid lumen Matrix Intermembrane space (between outer and inner membranes of the chloroplast) Stroma
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This creates a proton gradient that drives ATP synthesis. In the chloroplast, the compartment where protons accumulate during the process of photosynthesis is the thylakoid lumen. This also creates a proton gradient that drives ATP synthesis. Show more…
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The function of the thylakoid membrane is most similar to that of the of the mitochondria. Inner membrane Outer membrane Matrix Intermembrane space Plasma membrane
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Mitochondria differ from chloroplasts in that mitochondria produce glucose, whereas chloroplasts break down glucose. Mitochondria are not found in plants, and chloroplasts are not found in animals. Mitochondria contain a folded inner membrane, whereas chloroplasts contain thylakoids in grana stacks. Mitochondria contain membrane folds called cristae, whereas chloroplasts contain disk-like stacks called thylakoids.
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Chloroplasts have a third internal compartment, the thylakoid space, bounded by the thylakoid membrane. This membrane contains the photosystems, reaction centers, electron-transport chain, and ATP synthase. In contrast, mitochondria use their inner membrane for electron transport and ATP synthesis. In both organelles, protons are pumped out of the largest internal compartment (the matrix in mitochondria and the stroma in chloroplasts). The thylakoid space is completely sealed off from the rest of the cell. Why does this arrangement allow a larger $\mathrm{H}^{+}$ gradient in chloroplasts than can be achieved for mitochondria?
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