Codons are three-base sequences that specify the addition of a single amino acid. How do eukaryotic codons and prokaryotic codons compare? Prokaryotic codons usually contain different bases than those of eukaryotes. Codons are a nearly universal language among all organisms. Prokaryotic codons usually specify different amino acids than those of eukaryotes. The translation of codons is mediated by tRNAs in eukaryotes, but translation requires no intermediate molecules such as tRNAs in prokaryotes.
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This process is part of the central dogma of molecular biology, where DNA is transcribed into mRNA, which is then translated into a protein. Show more…
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Codons that call for the same amino acid tend to differ at the third nucleotide position because: the pairing between the third base of the tRNA anticodon and the third nucleotide of the codon is flexible. the statistical probability of potential nucleotide agreements restricts which nucleotide can occupy the third position. nonstandard base pairing between the first nucleotide of the codon and the second base of the anticodon commonly occurs. there are greater number of tRNAs available than the number of amino acids existing in the cell.
Adi S.
There are 61 mRNA codons that specify an amino acid, but only 45 tRNAs. This is best explained by the fact that A. some tRNAs have anticodons that recognize two or more different codons. B. the rules for base pairing between the third base of a codon and tRNA are flexible. C. many codons are never used, so the tRNAs that recognize them are dispensable. D. A and B only E. A, B, and C
Joanna Q.
Look at the codon chart of Figure $11.40 ;$ which codons would you expect to have a unique tRNA, that is, one that is used only for that codon? Why is it that many codons do not have their own unique tRNA?
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