Question 4 1 pts Evaporative cooling of an animal should increase if an animal is standing in the sun, because the heat from the sun will increase evaporation of water off the surface of the skin. True Fatse
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Why does a shaved camel standing in the sun require more water than an unshorn camel? Evaporative cooling maintains body temperature Loss of insulation enhances heat gain; more evaporation must occur to maintain body temperature Heat gain is compensated for by evaporative cooling
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A large desert mammal regulates its temperature to maintain a constant body temperature. When the air temperature is higher than the body temperature, the animal's evaporation rate will (check all that apply) * be lower per unit of weight than for a smaller mammal. be proportional to the difference between ambient and body temperature. be proportional to metabolism, encouraging a decrease in metabolic rate Increase decrease Nasal turbinates (check all that apply) * Decrease water loss Increase water loss Decrease heat loss Change the temperature of air flowing into and out of the body Change the water content of air coming into and out of the body increase heat loss
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Based on the class results for differently-sized animals (i.e., sizes 1 to 4, with no wind or water), answer the following questions: 1. Identify and comment on any correlation between the area-to-mass ratio and the cooling rate ΔT/Δt. Based on this, should a resting animal change its surface area by stretching out or by curling up in cold weather? How about in hot weather? Why? 2. Identify and comment on any correlations among the area-to-mass ratio, the mass, and the % body mass in peanuts required per day. These relationships are best illustrated by small graphs. Given the above relationships, and the fact that the digestive system of an animal is capable of processing only a certain amount of food per day, what can you conclude about the existence of a lower limit on the size of warm-blooded animals? Is this lower limit borne out in nature? Hint: Consider shrews and hummingbirds, which have masses of about 6 and 12 grams respectively. Based on the class results for same-sized animals under different conditions, answer the following questions: 3. How effective is dry fur in reducing heat loss rate in still air? In the wind? (Hint: Find the ratio of the cooling rate of a furry animal to that of a bare animal in each environment.) What does this suggest about a "wind chill factor"? Explain in detail how heat is removed by the wind. 4. Compare the cooling rates of animals with wet and dry fur, both under windy conditions. Use a ratio. What does this say about the severity of heat loss by accidental drenching in cold windy weather? How is the heat removed? What does it say about the effectiveness of sweating and panting as heat removal mechanisms in warm weather? How is the heat removed? 5. Compare the cooling rates of animals with and without fat in water. Use a ratio. What does this suggest about the necessity of the blubber layer beneath the skin of sea mammals? How does fat reduce the heat loss? 6. Animals that hibernate seek out a sheltered enclosure, and during hibernation, their body temperature drops dramatically. How does each of these factors contribute to the reduction of heat loss?
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