Question 4 Association of histones H1 with nucleosome shows A exposed DNA double helix B the occurrence of transcription C the condensation of DNA into chromatin fiber D the occurrence of replication
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Nucleosomes are the basic structural units of chromatin, consisting of DNA wrapped around a core of histone proteins (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4). Show more…
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DNA and Chromosome 1) Which of the following statements accurately describes one characteristic of histones? A) Each nucleosome consists of two molecules of histone H1. B) Histone H1 is not present in the nucleosome bead; instead, it draws the nucleosomes together. C) The carboxyl end of each histone extends outward from the nucleosome and is called a "histone tail." D) Histones are found in mammals, but not in other animals or in plants or fungi. 2) Which of the following molecular characteristics cause histones to bind tightly to DNA? A) Histones are positively charged, and DNA is negatively charged. B) Histones are negatively charged, and DNA is positively charged. C) Both histones and DNA are strongly hydrophobic. D) Histones are covalently linked to the DNA. 3) Which of the following lists represents the order of increasingly higher levels of organization of chromatin? A) nucleosome, 30-nm chromatin fiber, looped domain B) looped domain, 30-nm chromatin fiber, nucleosome C) nucleosome, looped domain, 30-nm chromatin fiber D) 30-nm chromatin fiber, nucleosome, looped domain 4) Which of the following statements correctly describes the structure of chromatin? A) Heterochromatin is composed of DNA, whereas euchromatin is made of DNA and RNA. B) Both heterochromatin and euchromatin are found in the cytoplasm. C) Heterochromatin is highly condensed, whereas euchromatin is less compact. D) Euchromatin is not transcribed, whereas heterochromatin is transcribed. 5) Which of the following structural characteristics is most critical for the association between histones and DNA? A) Histones are small proteins. B) Histones are highly conserved (that is, histones are very similar in every eukaryote). C) There are at least five different histone proteins in every eukaryote. D) Histones are positively charged. 6) If a cell were unable to produce histone proteins, which of the following results would be a likely effect on the cell? A) There would be an increase in the amount of DNA produced during replication. B) The cell's DNA could not be packed into its nucleus. C) Spindle fibers would not form during prophase. D) Amplification of other genes would compensate for the lack of histones. 7) Which of the following statements accurately describes the structure of a eukaryotic chromosome? A) It is composed of a single strand of DNA.
Caroline M.
DNA is packed by coiling around the basic proteins called Histones in eukaryotes. For further organization packed DNA is compacted to form chromatin loops (fiber loops) by binding Scaffold proteins via specific sequences on DNA namely Scaffold/Matrix Attachment Regions (S/MARs). Additionally, fiber loops are futherly condensed by condensin proteins to make chromosomes during mitosis. According to that knowledge, which of the following can be the reason of a local decondensation (loosening) of the loop structure in an only 1000-bp nucleotide region on 6p22.3 chromosomal band? (10 pts) a) A disruptive mutation that occured in S/MAR sequences on the mentioned nucleotide region above b) A disruptive mutation that occured in Histon H1 coding gene in genome c) A disruptive mutation that occured in kinetochore complex d) A disruptive mutation that occured in Condensin coding gene e) A disruptive mutation that occured in the genes which encode Scaffold proteins
Adi S.
24 All of the following statements are true about chromatosomes EXCEPT? a) they contain histone proteins b) the DNA is wrapped twice around the histones c) they contain nine protein scaffolding proteins d) the histone tails are buried inside the nucleosome inaccessible to modifications e) the electrostatic charge causes the chromatosomes to condense 25 Which of the following best represents the progressive stages of DNA coiling and folding culminating in the highly compacted chromosome of a dividing cell? a) chromatid, heterochromatin, euchromatin, chromatin fiber b) nucleosome, chromatin fiber, looped solenoid, metaphase chromosome c) chromatin, nucleosomes, chromatin fiber, metaphase chromosome d) heterochromatin, euchromatin, chromatin fiber, metaphase chromosome
Madhur L.
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