Reflexes are an action potential occurring only if enough $Na^+$ enters the cell and threshold is achieved indirect synaptic responses that are complex, prolonged, and often diffuse as a result of the production of intracellular second-messenger molecules rapid automatic responses to a stimulus in which the particular stimulus always produces the same motor response autoimmune diseases that lead to destruction of the myelin sheaths in the CNS conduction processes in myelinated axons where the electrical signals appear to jump from gap to gap along the axon
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Which of the following statements regarding the propagation of an action potential is most accurate? a) sodium ions that flow into the cell during one action potential diffuse and induce a new action potential in a neighboring membrane region; b) action potentials will propagate in all directions along an axon since sodium ions diffuse in all directions; c) sodium ions do not diffuse from the axon hillock into the perikaryon, thus ensuring one - way propagation of the action potential; d) action potentials propagate only toward cell membranes that are experiencing a refractory period; e) new action potentials are generated by depolarizations to -65 mv. A postsynaptic cell a) must always be a neuron; b) possesses many synaptic vesicles near the synapse; c) releases neurotransmitter as a result of the influx of calcium; d) may possess receptor proteins that function as chemically regulated gates; e) always contains a membrane bound acetylcholinesterase. The increase in excitability of a postsynaptic neuron following repeated stimulation is called a) inhibitory post synaptic potential; b) presynaptic inhibition; c) synaptic potentiation; d) excitatory post synaptic potential; e) neuromodulation. Biogenic amines a) are always found in the CNS; b) are never found in the CNS; c) are constructed from short chains of amino acids; d) are metabotropic (indirect) in function; e) include the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Which of the following does not appear to be a structural class of neurotransmitter? a) acetylcholine; b) disaccharides; c) peptides; d) purines; e) peptides.
Adi S.
Reflexes are a motor or neural reaction to a specific stimulus in the environment
Breanna O.
QUIZ 1. Which of the following statements regarding reflexes is NOT true? a. They are involuntary. b. They are a motor response. c. They are planned. d. They are in response to a specific stimulus. 2. The first step in a reflex arc is stimulation of: a. the motor neuron. b. the effector organ. c. the sensory neuron. d. a sensory receptor. 3. Which of the following are incorrectly paired? a. integrating center - may be muscle or gland b. sensory receptor - receives stimulus c. sensory neuron - carries sensory information to CNS d. motor neuron - carries motor command to effector organ 4. What is another name for motor neuron? a. afferent neuron b. efferent neuron c. interneuron d. none of the above 5. Which of the following neurons is found only within the CNS? a. motor neuron b. sensory neuron c. interneuron d. none of the above 6. Which of the following is NOT an integrating center for reflexes? a. brain b. spinal cord c. skin d. all are integrating centers
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