Research subjects were followed from adolescence to adulthood, and all the people in the sample were categorized in terms of whether
\begin{tabular}{cccc}
\hline & Dating & Cohabiting & Married \\
\hline Obese & 79 & 98 & 153 \\
Not Obese & 356 & 321 & 272 \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
they were obese and whether they were dating, cohabiting, or married. Test the hypothesis that relationship status and obesity are associated, using a significance level of 0.05 . Can we conclude from these data that living with someone is making some people obese and that marrying is making people even more obese? Can we conclude that obesity affects relationship status? Explain.
Step 1: Hypothesize
Choose the correct null hypothesis \( \left(\mathrm{H}_{0}\right) \) and alternative hypothesis \( \left(\mathrm{H}_{\mathrm{a}}\right) \).
A. \( \mathrm{H}_{0} \) : Obesity and relationship status are associated.
\( \mathrm{H}_{\mathrm{a}} \) : Obesity and relationship status are independent.
B. \( \mathrm{H}_{0} \) : Obesity and relationship status have a \( \mathrm{p} \)-value of 0.05 .
\( \mathrm{H}_{\mathrm{a}} \) : Obesity and relationship status do not have a p-value of 0.05 .
C. \( \mathrm{H}_{0} \) : Obesity and relationship status have equal proportions.
\( \mathrm{H}_{\mathrm{a}} \) : Obesity and relationship status have non-equal proportions.
D. \( \mathrm{H}_{0} \) : Obesity and relationship status are independent.
\( \mathrm{H}_{\mathrm{a}} \) : Obesity and relationship status are associated.