1. Because the behaviorists believe that behavior and learning result from external forces such as reinforcement, they focus on external strategies for managing children's behavior. 1. Give an example of an external strategy for managing a child's behavior. 2. When are external strategies for guidance appropriate? 3. When are external strategies for guidance inappropriate? 4. Give examples. 2. Because the maturationists believe that behavior and learning hinge on internal processes such as maturation and motivation, they focus on nonintrusive ways to support children's naturally developing self-control. 1. Give examples of nonintrusive ways to support guidance. 2. When is nonintrusive support appropriate for guidance? 3. When is nonintrusive support inappropriate for guidance? 4. Give examples. 3. Because the constructivists believe that behavior and learning result from the interactions between internal development and external environment, they study child development, observe the child, and prepare a developmentally appropriate environment. They positively and proactively guide the child's inner development of self-control and respect for others. 1. How are developmentally appropriate practice, the constructivist approach, and the authoritative guidance style similar? 2. How is the application of logical consequences consistent with the philosophy of the constructivist approach? 3. Give an example of developmentally appropriate ways to support guidance.
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Because the behaviorists believe that behavior and learning result from external forces such as reinforcement, they focus on external strategies for managing children's behavior. 1.1. An example of an external strategy for managing a child's behavior is using a Show more…
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Matching questions are 2 points each. Note: there are more terms than definitions, therefore some terms do not have corresponding definitions. An increase in operant responding above what would be expected when the magnitude of reinforcement is increased. Term that identifies an effective primary reinforcer for operant conditioning as one that the animal will work for in its natural environment. During omission training the subject receives positive reinforcement for engaging in behaviors that are incompatible with the target behavior When behavioral predispositions that result from the animal's evolutionary history interfere with conditioning of the operant response 'If a response is followed by a satisfying event, the association between th stimulus and response is strengthened. If the response is followed by an annoying event, the association is weakened.' Type of long-term memory that survives medial tempora lobe damage. Drive + Incentive = Prior to beginning instrumental Conditioning animals must be performing some of the behaviors that will eventually become the operant response. The frequency of these behaviors is known as the: Behavior that increases in frequency because of accidental pairing of the delivery of reinforcement with occurrences of the behavior. Interference of the learning of a new operant response as a result of exposure to inescapable aversive stimulation. Schedule of reinforcement in which the subject is reinforced each time it executes 10 operant responses.
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The humanistic approach to psychology and the behavioral approach to psychology differ in that the behavioral approach states that humans are driven by unconscious impulses, whereas the humanistic approach states that humans are driven by external rewards. mental processes, whereas the humanistic approach states that humans are driven by free will. evolutionary factors, whereas the humanistic approach states that humans are driven by unconscious impulses. biological factors, whereas the humanistic approach states that humans are driven by evolutionary factors.
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Ainsworth's perspective on attachment states that attachment is the result of a dynamic interaction between caregiver and infant. Which worldview does this theory belong to? Contextual Maturational Organismic Mechanistic What do newborns come with that allows them to form attachments to their caregivers? Sociability, crying Primary and secondary reinforcers Primary and secondary circular reactions Imprinting instincts Which part of the baby's behavior in the Strange Situation reveals the most about his/her attachment classification? Exploration Reaction to stranger Separation from caregiver Reunion with caregiver Typically, when infants with a resistant (anxious) attachment are at first separated and then reunited with their parent, they tend to: act frightened when separated, and then act conflicted between approaching and avoiding the parent when reunited. act extremely upset when separated, and then seek contact but seem to resent being left when parents return. In what type of family was the insecure-disorganized attachment category discovered? Disorganized families. German families. Japanese families. High-risk families. Genetically at-risk families.
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